Sex Eduacation in School

Sex Education Sex education in the United States has experienced serious changes over the past three decades. It all started in 1981 the Reagan Administration, with federal funding promoting abstinence-only-until-marriage to sex education programs. The support of this abstinence only until marriage idea has increased exponentially since 1996. Although this approach seen to be beneficial to many in the sense at rates of teen pregnancy would decrease. Many others see the prohibitive nature of this approach to be controversial.The public also show the need for sex education programs to include not only abstinence but also to include information about contraceptives as well. This excessive priority on promoting only one sex-education method seems to be at odds with what the high mass of adults and teenagers think is more important. For example in a the national survey published in 2007, out of 1000 adults and 100 teenagers organized by the National Campaign to Prevent teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.In the survey it was acknowledged that even though most of adults (93%) and teens (90%) believe that providing young teens with information about abstinence is an important message to give out. In the same survey more than the half of adults (73%) and teens (56%) also believed that the young people need way more information about abstinence and contraception than what they are given today, rather than either/or. These results of having teens comprehend sex education are more consistent with the previous survey conducted such as programs that rather only promote abstinence-only-until-marriage.More surveys have shows the promoting abstinence only has become more ineffective. The medical journal Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescents Medicine in 2005 to 2006 performed a surveys resulting with overwhelming support of 83% for a comprehensive approach and with only 36% supporting only abstinence education. In the January and February 2007 issue of Public health Reports announced that premarital sex is not out of the ordinary as many would think it is.According to the reports by the age 20, 77% of applicants have had sex, 75% have had premarital sex, and 12% had married; by the age 44, 95% of the applicants have had premarital sex. After these results, many people argue that abstinence-only-until-marriage programs are neither practical nor realistic now days. Randy Elder a task force member of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported in November 2009 Washington Post articles stating that â€Å"There is sufficient evidence that comprehensive risk reduction efforts are effective. He further explains â€Å"As regards abstinence education, after a similar look the task force determined that based on a number of problems with the studies presented to them there was insufficient evidence to determine their effectiveness. † Author Kat long informs in her March 2008 article for the Gay Gender issues Web site called â€Å"Abstinence Teac hing Ignores LSBT’s. † In her article it reads â€Å"There rules imply that lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender students will not fit into the ‘expected standards’ of human sexuality.They also infer same-sex relationships are less meaningful and legitimate than opposite-sex ones and may cause ‘harmful’ effects. † Also according to analysis by the Washington University law Review in an article titled â€Å"Abstinence-only Education Fails African American Youth’. This article states that â€Å"Black adolescents’ higher rates of sexual activity couple with evidence of their fundamentally different attitudes towards sex relative to Whites adolescents suggest that abstinence-only sex education is bound to be ineffective among Black youth. Some policies changes that are about to happen be President Obama appears to be ready to sign into law the 2010 Omnibus Appropriations Bill passed by the Congress in December 2009. This wou ld be the first time since 1981 that abstinence-only-until-marriage sex education programs will not be receive any funding. Some of the abstinence programs would be replaced by comprehensive programs that target to reduce the number of teen pregnancy. This policy started in 2010. In the study by Margaret J. Blythe is a professor of pediatrics at University School of Medicine and chair for the Committee on Adolescence, American Academy of Pediatrics.It states that â€Å"Comprehensive sexuality education emphasizes abstinence as the best option for adolescents, but also provides age-appropriate, medically accurate discussion and information for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies. † People against comprehensive sexuality education don’t understand that when this program also emphasized abstinence while still offering age-appropriate instruction to prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and to prevent unwanted pregnancies for teens who are having ex. With programs such as abstinence only have proven to delay sexual intercourse and also refuse to inform the youth about condoms and safe sex. Without this information it leaves the young people less prepared to protect themselves. In fact, not only is abstinence-only programs ineffective but it also can cause harm to the young that may practice it. Abstinence-only provides incomplete and inaccurate information and resulting in participants failure to use safer sex practices once they start have intercourse.In a national study, sexual health risks of adolescents who received abstinence-only education and those who received comprehensive sex education to those who received none. Teenagers who were reported having received comprehensive sex education programs before coming cross to any sexual intercourse were extremely less likely to report a teenage pregnancy compared to other teenagers that received no sexual education and while there were no effect of absti nence-only education. Some of the problems with abstinence-only education would be schools failure to help students understand and embrace their sexuality.This has become a problem to particular for kids for color, who represent a big majority in many public schools around the country. Too many of the colored young teens are left to sort through this confusing times and are left with little or even no guidance. Blacks and Latinos account for 83% of teen HIV infections. Black girls are more than four times likely to get gonorrhea as their peers. Also a chronic bacterial disease known as syphilis has increased greatly among the Black teenage boys and slowly starting to increase among the Latino boys.In late 2006, the federal health monitors announced that teenage pregnancy went up for the first time that year since 15 years. Teenage pregnancies were more common among Black and Native American teenage girls. Since 1997 the federal government had invested more than $1. 5 billion dollars in abstinence-only programs, which were proven to be ineffective programs in which blocked and excluded information that could help young people to protect their own health. But the President Barack Obama administration’s proposed budgets for Fiscal Year 2010 (FY10) to remove funding for abstinence-only programs.Instead to create funding for programs that have been proven to be effective at reduce teen pregnancy, delaying sexual activity, or increasing contraceptive use. Not surprisingly, the only program that they found to work was comprehensive sex education programs. Researcher Douglas Kirby for the National Campaign to End Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy examined studies of prevention programs. Two-thirds of the 48 comprehensive sex ed programs studies had positive effects. * 40 percent delayed sexual initiation, reduced the number of sexual partners, or increased condoms or contraceptives use. 30 percent reduced the frequency of sex, including a return to abstinence. * 60 percent reduced unprotected sex. After many research done to determine whether abstinence-only or comprehensive sex education is better for the young teens. It has clearly showed that comprehensive sex education does not encourage teens to start having sexual intercourse, does not increase the frequency with teens have intercourse, and does not increase the number of teenage sexual partners. At the same time, surveys and evaluations have shown repeatedly no positive changes in sexual behaviors over time when it comes to abstinence-only programs.Even though comprehensive sex education is very beneficial to teenagers it is very important that students take responsibility for their sexual health. Caitlin Myers from Southern Methodist University (SMU) class of 2009, involved with the college’s newspapers. As a contributing writer to the Daily Campus, wrote an article named â€Å"Sexual Health† which emphasizes that all students meaning male and female should have to take r esponsibility for their sexual behavior. Overall the only strategy that would work most effectively is comprehensive sex education.Children and adolescents need accurate and comprehensive education about sexuality not only to practice healthy sexual behaviors as adults but also to avoid early risky sexual activity that may lead to health problems. Comprehensive sexuality education is an effective strategy for helping young people delay initiation of sexual intercourse. In several published and well evaluated studies is has shown that sex education is a better choice rather than abstinence-only-until-marriage. Work Cited â€Å"Children Have the Right to Comprehensive Sex Education† by Barbara Miner. Do Children Have Rights? Christine Watkins, Ed.At Issue Series. Greenhaven Press, 2011. Barbara Miner, â€Å"We're Here. We're Sexual. Get Used to It,† Colorlines, May-June 2008. â€Å"Comprehensive Sex Education Is Effective† by Margaret J. Blythe. Sexually Transmitt ed Diseases. Roman Espejo, Ed. Opposing Viewpoints ® Series. Greenhaven Press, 2011. Margaret J. Blythe, â€Å"Testimony of Margaret J. Blythe, MD, FAAP, FSAM, on Behalf of the American Academy of Pediatrics,† Before the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, United States House of Representatives, April 23, 2008. â€Å"Comprehensive Sex Education Reduces Teen Pregnancy† by Advocates for Youth.Teen Pregnancy and Parenting. Lisa Krueger, Ed. Current Controversies Series. Greenhaven Press, 2011. Advocates for Youth, adapted from â€Å"Comprehensive Sex Education: Research and Results,† September 2009. www. advocatesforyouth. org. â€Å"Sex Education. † Current Issues: Macmillian Social Science Library. Detroit: Gale, 2010. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 28 Nov. 2011. â€Å"Students Need to Take Responsibility for Their Sexual Health† by Caitlin Myers. Student Life. Karen Miller, Ed. Opposing Viewpoints ® Series. Greenhaven Press , 2011. Caitlin Myers, â€Å"Sex, STIs and Responsibility,† Daily Campus, April 16, 2008.

Personal Philosophy of Leadership

Personal Philosophy of Leadership Being a leader is more than simply holding a leadership position or having the ability to lead. Everyone is capable of being a leader, but not everyone exercises his or her leadership abilities. Each person’s idea of leadership is different. My idea of leadership has developed over time, and being a member of the President’s Leadership Class has helped me develop my philosophy of leadership further than what it was two months ago. My personal philosophy of leadership is the ability to effect change through leading by example, taking initiative, and encouraging others.There have been many things that have affected my philosophy of leadership. Something that has affected me as a leader is my values. One of my core values is responsibility. As a leader, it is important I understand what to do and what is expected of me. When I am responsible as a leader, those I am trying to lead are more willing to do what I ask them to do. Another of my values is respect. In the past, I am always nice and listen to the ideas of others even if they are not the easiest people to be around. In my experience, it has been easier to earn the respect of my constituents when I respect them as well.My core beliefs will continue to influence my behavior as a leader in the future. The development of my leadership philosophy has also been a result of watching my leaders. One leader that has affected me a lot has been my father. When my mom was diagnosed with Lou Gehrig’s disease, he did all he could to help out. He took constant care of my mom, continued to work from home, and helped me with school without ever complaining. I try to behave as he did in my leadership roles. I do everything willingly and help out as much as I can.I aim to keep negativity out of already stressful situations and try not to complain. My leaders at school, both good and bad, have also affected my style of leadership. They helped me learn when I need to sit ba ck and let those I am trying to lead take charge and when I need to take charge of the situation. Watching the bad leaders do things I did not agree with encouraged me to challenge to process and change things when I became a leader. There have also been people who have motivated me to be a leader, especially my high school orchestra director.At the end of my junior year, my director called me into his office and told me he would be moving me from the first violin section to the second violin section. He said he knew I was quiet in the back of the first violin section, but he could see I possessed the leadership skills necessary to sit in the front of the second violin section. This really motivated me to try and make him proud the next year at the front of the section. Many different aspects of my life have affected my leadership philosophy. I want others to be able to see my leadership philosophy at work.To do this, it is important that I be able to connect with those I seek to le ad, as â€Å"The Relational Leadership Model† states, â€Å"Relationships are the focal point of the leadership process† (Komives, Lucas, & McMahon, p. 74). One way I hope to develop a relationship with my followers is by â€Å"Modeling the Way† (Kouzes, Posner, 2008). I will do this by clarifying my values and leading by example. Clarifying values is important because â€Å"To earn and sustain personal credibility, one must be able to clearly articulate deeply held beliefs† (Kouzes, Posner, 2008, p. 9). By clarifying my values, those I seek to lead will understand my mission and will believe I have a goal in mind. Leading by example will help me have a better relationship with my followers because it creates â€Å"a climate that makes it possible for everyone to align themselves with shared values† (Kouzes, Posner, 2008, p. 38). When leaders do not practice what they preach they loose their credibility, and I want my followers to be able to ta ke me seriously. I would like my followers to be able to connect with me and to align their values with mine.Through â€Å"Modeling the Way†, I want to be able to have a good relationship with my followers. My philosophy of leadership will also affect my future as a leader. I will place an emphasis on my values because â€Å"a conscious focus on values should be at the core of any leadership development effort† (Cilente, p. 45). One of my future principles I lead with will be to make sure everyone in the organization’s values align with mine. How would I be able to make any process when everyone in the group wants something else?This is something I had never considered before being a member of the President’s Leadership Class. The President’s Leadership Class has helped influence my philosophy of leadership. I have learned my strengths and weaknesses of leadership through the class. After doing my first reflection paper, I learned that my weakest a rea of leadership is â€Å"Inspiring a Shared Vision. † This helped shape my leadership philosophy by making me realize the importance of sharing my aspirations with the group. I have learned that I need to be louder with my thoughts. This is one area I intend to improve on n my future as a leader. I plan on doing this through practice. I may be uncomfortable at first, but, eventually, it will come naturally to me. The Social Change Model of Leadership says, â€Å"A leader is not necessarily a person who holds some formal position of leadership or who is perceived as a leader by others†¦Leadership cannot be described simply in terms of the behavior of the individual† (Komives, Wagner, p. 45). My definition of leadership is the ability to create a positive change in society and be able to get others excited to see that change.I want to be the embodiment of that definition to others. When others look at me, I want them to be able to say I set an example, have clear attainable views, and make everyone feel like they are contributing to the organization. My personal philosophy of leadership is very important to how I conduct myself as a leader. It has taken years to develop to what it is today and it is constantly changing. Many aspects of my life have affected my philosophy of leadership from my values, to leaders in my life, and people who have motivated me. I will continue to develop my leadership with philosophy as I go through new leadership experiences.References Komives, Susan R. , Lucas, Nance, & McMahon, Timothy R. (2006). Exploring Leadership: For College Students Who Want to Make a Difference. Jossey-Bass. Komives, Susan R. , & Wagner, Wendy. (2009). Leadership for a Better World: Understanding the Social Change Model of Leadership Development. John Wiley & Sons. Kouzes, James M. , & Posner, Barry Z. (2008). The Student Leadership Challenge: Five Practices for Exemplary Leaders. San Francisco, California. Jossey-Bass.

Best Buy CEO Chairman Relationship Research Paper

Best Buy CEO Chairman Relationship - Research Paper Example 17). As expounded, the reported improper relationship, despite the allegations being denied by both Dunn and the employee, has caused a damaged morale within the organization, supposed distractions, and speculations on the true nature of the relationship. Issues Being Addressed The issues being addressed in this case are violations of transparency, violations of conformity to ethical and moral standards, and failures to disclose critical information to the Board of Directors, which could assist in addressing the issues in a more professional manner consistent with the standards posed under corporate social responsibility. The World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) has defined corporate social responsibility (CSR) as â€Å"the continuing commitment by business to contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the community and society at large" (WBCSD par. 4). Obviously, the violations and i ssues noted from the case at Best Buys undermined ‘improving the quality of life of the workforce’ due to causing apparent distractions and speculations. Likewise, the improper relationship of Dunn, a married man, with a 29-year old employee caused conflicts in the marital relationship with Dunn’s spouse and the relationship with his children. The relationship is deemed as violating the standards of ethics and moral codes. The situation was exacerbated by Schulze’s failure to disclose the investigations made by him to the Board based on previous reports, which was an apparent violation of the rules of transparency and the rules on partnering to stop misconduct (Best Buy, n.d.). Rules According to the report written by Clifford (2012) and published in The New York Times, the rules and company policies on adherence to ethical and moral codes of conduct have apparently been applied to all employees except the CEO. As cited, â€Å"the C.E.O.’s relation ship with this employee led some employees to question senior management’s commitment to company policy and the ethical principles the company champions† (Clifford par. 17). Best Buy has a Code of Business Ethics that explicitly states rules on responsibility to each other, responsibility to shareholders, and responsibility to the company’s business associates – the areas where some violations have been noted. Analysis Upon closer examination of Best Buy Code of Business Ethics, the violations noted were on the rules pertaining to the following: (1) responsibility to each other, particularly honoring our differences; (2) responsibility to our business associates, particularly conflict of interest; (3) gift giving; (4) partnering to stop conduct. The Code of Business Ethics stipulated that â€Å"one of our values is to show respect, humility and integrity. Creating a positive work environment supports this value† (Best Buy 14). The actions of Dunn an d the female employee have been reported to cause conflicts in the work environment that apparently led to low morale. Likewise, the inability of Schulze to disclose the information immediately was a weakness on his character, pursuant

Group Media Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Group Media Assignment - Essay Example As a result, the oil and gasoline prices have plunged down significantly. The focus of the world has been on the United States since it is providing half of the total reserves that are to be released and the US government too has been proactive in justifying its decision; proclaiming that the move was not based on any political motives. Though this decision has faced a great deal of criticism from all corners, the US believes that the release would help in lessening the gap between demand and supply of oil. The article is very appositely related to the concepts of Demand and Supply. Before the political explosion in Libya, the supply and demand of crude oil were relatively stable and a reasonable equilibrium existed between price and quantity, but as soon as the oil production in Libya cut down, the supply fell tremendously, whereas the demand remained almost unchanged. This led to a higher equilibrium price and lower quantity. Now, with oil being released by US and its allies, the s upply would rise to counter the demand. The current decline in oil prices is its confirmation. The reduction in the supply of crude oil from Libya can also be understood in terms of the effects of one of the Supply determinants, namely Number of Suppliers. Since the number of crude oil suppliers in the world are limited, so when Libya, which is one of the major suppliers, departed from the scene, the supply automatically plummeted. Moreover, the demand remained unchanged due to an important Demand determinant, namely Price of Related of Goods. Since, crude oil has numerous complements whereas nearly no substitutes its demand never fell. (400 words) China Investigates Pricing by 2 Broadband Companies The article ‘China Investigates Pricing by 2 Broadband Companies’ by Barboza (2011) published in the New York Times reports about the monopolistic behavior of two of the largest government owned telecommunication firms, China Telecom and China Unicom. With regular grievances from customers that the two companies overcharge them and deliver comparatively low speeds for Broadband Internet, the National Development and Reform Commission has decided to examine whether the companies have violated the Antimonopoly Law. Analysts believe that this enquiry has come about mainly due to consumer pressure because in China, the state has always supported oligopolies with little contest and huge profits. Li Qing who works as the deputy director of the bureau of price monitoring and antimonopolization at the National Development and Reform Commission reported the fact that combined revenues of Telecom and Unicom were $10 billion in 2010 and greater than 66% of the market share belonged to the two giants. Zhang Bin, a telecommunication expert provides a different view, saying that the government did try to create competition in the industry among a few major firms; however, the outcome was not as expected and the oligopoly continues to thrive. The article pertinently relates to the concept of oligopoly. Since there are only two companies, Telecom and Unicom, involved in the oligopoly, hence, it can also be called a duopoly. These two giant telecommunication companies satisfy all the characteristics of an

Strategic Management of Healthcare Organizations Essay

Strategic Management of Healthcare Organizations - Essay Example that a country does in this regard is directly proportional to the results that it expects in the long run, through the different healthcare insurance programs, medication regimes and so on and so forth. These measures testify the attention paid towards the basic human life which is a very significant step within any state, country or society for that matter. In essence, any set of values and beliefs make up a culture. On the same pretext, an organizational culture is a set of values, morals, beliefs, traditions and norms which come from the industry specific regimes as well as that from the society under which it exists in the first place. Thus it would not be wrong here to suggest that the organizational cultures are dependent on the society’s undertakings and the industrial influences at the same time. What is most important is how the two shape up the organizational culture at the very end and take the organization one step ahead in its different processes, activities and undertakings. In this context, cultural and structural changes within healthcare organizations are usually manifested in with a lot of resentment and threats as the workers do not seem to come to terms with the amendments. In the case of the healthcare strategic management, structural changes are indeed the order of the day from time to time so that innovatio n could be given room – which indeed would enhance the healthcare standards prevalent in the said healthcare facility and thus benefit the whole society. The significant aspect lies on the basis of the healthcare organizations understanding that the changing cultures bring about an imperative basis within its regimes to exist in the most basic sense. One must understand that the healthcare organization cannot exist in seclusion and it has to remain in constant touch with the society in which it exists and the industry under which it finds competitors for its own selves and the strategic alliances, mergers and unities that form as a

Foundation of Human Resources Management - annotated bibliography Essay

Foundation of Human Resources Management - annotated bibliography - Essay Example Are they redesigning their HR functions?, etc. The author goes on to show that without effective  human capital, organizations are likely to have little or no revenue. The HR function can add value by adopting a control-and-audit role. But Lawler suggests that two other roles that HRM can take on allow it to add greater value. The first is the familiar  human resources management role. The second is the role of business partner, which emphasizes developing systems and practices to ensure that a companys  human resources have the needed competencies and motivation to perform effectively. Articulated in a clear and concise prose style, the book serves as a useful overview of HR functions. This journal article by Hargis and Bradley delves into strategic aspects of HRM in upstarts. They argue that when entrepreneurs and business executives develop a business plan, they identify that a great line of products or services helps a company achieve, and sustain, a competitive advantage. They go on to cite the successful businesses such as Coyote Logistics, W.L. Gore and Associates and Zappos.com to make their case. They further suggest that successful managers also recognize the importance of efficiently managing their employees and developing their  human resources. These firms clearly linked their  human resource management  practices to their competitive business model. When business leaders are able to align a strong competitive strategy with a well designed and strategically focused  human resource system, it has the necessary foundation that brings customers in the door (or to their website) initially and gets them to come back for repeat business. The article is well written and offers key insights into the strategic role of HRM in fledgling businesses. Role theory has been used effectively by researchers in the fields of psychology, social psychology, sociology, organization behaviour, and human resource management since the early

Social Engineering (ethical hacking ) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Social Engineering (ethical hacking ) - Essay Example However, while the internet has been a blessing to humankind, along with its bounties and huge number of facilities, it has brought a few risks as well. Studies (Erickson, pp. 49-56) have indicated that stealing of valuable information, corruption, and vanishing of computer systems are some of the major risks associated with the utilization of internet. Although in the past, it was an understanding that information locked in a file cabinet is more vulnerable than the existence of that information in electronic mode. However, things have changed now, and people are again relying on file cabinets to keep their records due to huge amount of issues related to information systems security on the internet. In this regard, internet has resulted in commencement of various beneficial things such as electronic commerce, e-mail, e-advertisement, and e-education; however, along with such technological advancements, there is one major issue among the various IS security related issues; hacking (McClure & Shah, pp. 20-26). In other words, a huge number of issues and threats exist in the world of information systems; however, hacking is one of the major issues that have been deteriorating the security of information security systems, which will be the focus of this report in detail. Analysis of different sources (Harris & Ness, pp. 49-63) has indicated that until today, the computer industry is using the term of hacking or hacker for dual purposes. In the beginning, hacker would be an individual who was interested in learning new things about the computer systems, and was keen to discover new capabilities of the computer networks unlike usual users of the computers who were interested in learning only standard usage of the computers. In other words, enthusiastic programmers were hackers, and as the time passed, skillful programmers continued to

History of Commincation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

History of Commincation - Essay Example The Renaissance era was a time with a lot of technological advancements. Communication also had a significant technological advancement including the printing press and also the linear perspective in drawing. There were major artists of the period that had a meaningful communication through their artwork. There are sketchbooks from that period that include books from Leonardo Da Vinci that have valuable insight into the mechanical technology of the time. The late 14th century and the early 15th century saw the use of the arquebus and musket. The printing press that was a significant advancement in technology saw many books and other media messages spread throughout Europe. The spreading of the messages and the books was a great help to enable people to be more conscious of their national identities. Printing that was a significant development during the era was a discovery by Gutenberg. The whole idea was Gutenberg’s invention that saw the printing machine being a movable type . The movable part saw the increase in use and it spread all over Europe. The expanded interest in expressions, designing and building ventures required non-verbal and traceable correspondence record of a more rugged sturdiness than wooden tablets with clay or wax. The material was accessible, yet was excessively costly. Amid the Renaissance paper fabricating, which likely had its creation in China around 100 AD, was beaten and paper plants set up crosswise over Europe. Even before education turns out to be, more broad portrayals and drawings were utilized to communicate.

Aristolochic Acid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Aristolochic Acid - Essay Example 'Aristolochic acid is a rodent carcinogen found in the Aristolochia and Asarum species, both in the Aristolochiaceae family of plants such as the Aristolochia fangchi' [1]. Botanicals Known or Suspected to Contain Aristolochic Acid [4] Botanical Name* Common or Other Names Aristolochia spp. Aristolochia Guan mu tong Guang mu tong Aristolochia acuminata Lam. Syn. Aristolochia tagala Champ. Oval leaf Dutchman's pipe Aristolochia argentina Griseb. Aristolochia baetica Linn. Syn. Aristolochia bracteolata Lam. Aristolochia bracteata Retz. Ukulwe Aristolochia chilensis Bridges in Lindl. Aristolochia cinnabarina C.Y. Cheng & J.L. Wu Aristolochia clematitis L. Birthwort Aristolochia contorta Bunge Ma dou ling Tian xian teng Aristolochia cymbifera Mart. & Zucc. Mil homens Aristolochia debilis Siebold & Zucc. Syn. Aristolochia longa Thunb. Syn. Aristolochia recurvilabra Hance Syn. Aristolochia sinarum Lindl. Ma dou ling Tian xian teng Qing mu xiang Sei-mokkou (Japanese) Birthwort Long birthwort Aristolochia elegans Mast. Syn. Aristolochia hassleriana Chodat Aristolochia esperanzae Kuntze Aristolochia fangchi Y.C. Wu ex L.D. Chow & S.M. Hwang Guang fang ji Fang ji Mokuboi (Japanese) Kwangbanggi (Korean) Fang chi Kou-boui (Japanese) Aristolochia fimbriata Cham. Aristolochia indica L. Indian birthwort Aristolochia kaempferi Willd. Syn. Aristolochia chrysops (Stapf) E.H. Wilson ex Rehder Syn. Aristolochia feddei H. Lv. Syn. Aristolochia heterophylla Hemsl. Syn. Aristolochia mollis Dunn Syn. Aristolochia setchuenensis Franch. Syn. Aristolochia shimadai Hayata Syn. Aristolochia thibetica Franch. Syn. Isotrema chrysops Stapf Syn. Isotrema heterophylla (Hemsl.) Stapf Syn. Isotrema lasiops Stapf Yellowmouth Dutchman's... Aristolochic acid (AA) is a known genotoxic mutagen and is generally derived from plant extracts and is formed from aristolochic acid I (AAI) and aristolochic acid II (AAII), [20, 22, 17, 25] it is potentially carcinogenic to most rodent species [12, 13, 5, 25] and in humans [6, 15, 25]. The formation of DNA adducts by Aristolochic acid (AA) gives it it's mutagenic and carcinogenic properties, due to the process of reductive metabolic activation where both types of AA's (AA I and AA II) react with the nucleic acids adenine and guanine [18, 19, 25]. Specimen exists at New York Botanical Gardens. Tropicos does not list this species as a synonym for any Thottea species. Kew Gardens Herbarium does not recognize the genera Bragantia. Until additional information is obtained we will use the name as cited in J. Nat. Products 45:657-666 (1982) Using a laboratory-made pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method set at the dynamic mode, Aristolochic acids I and II can be extracted from medicinal plants. If the intended extracts will be extracted from medicinal plants, spiking (addition of enzymes or other catalytic substances) will not be done, but ultrasonic and Sohxlet extraction will both be done to determine the accuracy of the techniques.

Graduation project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Graduation project - Research Paper Example The kingdom of Saudi Arabia is located in the Middle East and is one of the fastest growing economies in the world. Characterized by numerous business opportunities, the country is among the top rated investment destinations of the world. To most people, the name Saudi Arabia is associated with religious oppression and fewer people always think of investment to this unique location. Located in the middle of the Asian desert, Saudi Arabia is a dry country with a rich number of oil wells that is one of the key economic boosters that the country has. Most of the oil is sold to the western countries that either promise cash in return or improve the living conditions of the Saudi people. Starting or doing a business in Saudi can be quite challenging especially for foreign investors. The country has strict Islamic laws that govern almost all the industries and sectors of the economy. In order to facilitate the writing of this paper, literature on how trade is affected in Saudi Arabia was c ollected with relevance to the topic of discussion kept in mind. The banks and the entire economy strictly follow the Shariah laws of banking that maintain that loans do not gather any interest at all. It is for this reason that most investors find it challenging especially if their field of business will be affected by the strict laws. Coming into power in 2005, his majesty king Abdullah has had a lot of impact on the economy and living standards of the Saudi people. The country currently enjoys peace and is one of the countries in the Middle East that experience peace and political stability. This paper is a critical review of the current laws and economic standards that affect businesses in Saudi and some of the challenges that one might face in order to establish a business in Saudi. It is however important to note that this guide is a general overview of the situation in Saudi and should not

Something good Essay Example for Free

Something good Essay As I venture into my work, I always presume that something good will happen. I always believe that taking risks will definitely bring me something positive, although difficulties arise at times. In the world of reality, there will always be hindrances that will come my way which may lead me to feel hopeless, useless, worthless. But that should not stop me from believing in my dreams and just give up everything because being a coward will not help me in improving my skills. To gain excellence in my career, I should take into consideration different things that will help me improve my ability as a leader. And that means I should not only take care of the clients I want to handle, but I also have to deal with the clients whom I think I cant even handle. By this, I will be trained by the challenging customers I deal with and will certainly this will be a reason for my maturity as an individual, particularly as a leader. Consequently, my attitude towards my work is a major aspect of my individuality as a leader. â€Å"No one should ask you what you bring to your position. Your work and actions should make this absolutely clear to all those around you. Demonstrate your skills in your conversations, in your work and in your attitude. Communicate your professional goals when appropriate and work all the time you work. Be your own boss. As you take the helm of your career and steer it toward your future, you must realize that no matter what the hierarchical structure is in your profession, you are your own boss, (Kanjungu, 2006) . † I have observed that people develop their leadership skills by taking into the unknown. Taking out of their comfort zones was their main component to be able to enhance their competence particularly when it comes about leadership. It was evident that trying something new, and not sticking to what you always know will lead you to be a better individual that may help you lead other people in the right track. Motivation is one of the key points why people are improving in their skills. Apparently, they become more comfortable in what they do when they have a high motivation that leads them in doing the things they are assigned to do. The strong will to work for their family and other loved ones is the best driving force I have observed they are taking into consideration, and it clearly alleviate the insecurities they have. In improving their focus in their customer, I noticed that they are more tolerant to the people they are dealing with. Being tolerant is considering not only the positive sides of the customer, but the negative sides of them as well. They always make sure to deal properly to the customer and stay their focus on them so as not to divert the customers attention. In improving the customer-focus, one must regard that the customer should always be the one who will be obeyed, and not the other way around. Being approachable is also one factor in catching the interest of a certain customer because they will feel that they are very welcome and well entertained. Personally, I can attest that the things I have observed are quite helpful in developing ones leadership skill and in improving the focus to the customer as well. I myself experienced dealing with people who are inconsiderate, yet managed to make it to the end of the journey. As I asses things, I can say that in developing my leadership skills I have to bear in mind important factors to make it through the day. Being responsible in everything I do is a major factor that I should always keep in mind. Responsibility takes a major part in living a life of being a leader because many followers are watching your every step and one wrong move may mean a downfall for you. So, to be able to survive the journey of life, being accountable for whatever you do is really a must. It is a fact that no one is responsible for whatever you do, but yourself. â€Å"No one can control the events or the people surrounding them. The only thing we can control is ourselves. To succeed in todays workforce or in any professional endeavors, your value must be readily recognizable and memorable, (Kanjungu, 2006) . † Its true that it is necessary to act out what you have learned in the past experiences or lessons is life you acquired. For me, I will use the things I learned by sharing it to other people and teaching them every details of the values I gained. Learning without sharing is such a stingy deed and absolutely not a good idea to be ungenerous to the people around you. In every learning experience, I always want to use those things by imparting the essential things which the experience brought me. Works Cited: Kanjungu, Nuwagaba. â€Å"http://www. monitor. co. ug. † Monitor Online Jobs. 6 Dec. 2006 http://www. monitor. co. ug/job/news. php? news_id=3auth_sess=61d799506760b1633a9d70dbff330f20ref=748962c846b2603077010c84a.