First Ice Poem Analysis - 1015 Words

In the poem First Ice the author Andrei Voznesensky elucidates the seriousness of heartaches and the melancholy that is felt in breakups. An abridged form of the poem would be that a young girl was crying in a telephone booth, devastated and grieving at the fact that she had gone through an estrangement. This caused tears to stream down her face and smudged her makeup which in turn left a distorted set of facial features. Ashamed at the fact that she was crying in public she explicitly tried to hide herself in the overcoat described as â€Å"draughty†. Keeping in mind that the poem took place in a setting where it was freezing cold outside it certainly added emphasis to the descriptiveness and the theme of the poem, for specific aspects to†¦show more content†¦Ice is prone to being friable which is a prime example that indicates its relatability to the girl in the poem as she was also very vulnerable and fragile. The young girl in the poem showcased a state of fragile ness â€Å"in tears† because when an individual is dealing with sorrowful circumstances if another thing equally as disconsolate was to happen there mental state of mind would typically break. Not only that but, ice is also an ideal symbol for representing the hardships the girl was going through as it is a form of pain and coldheartedness. In this piece of literature, the verse â€Å"The first ice of human hurt† supports and reinforces the theory of ice symbolizing pain. The extremely cold temperature of ice placed on humans can essentially inflict an unpleasant thrilling or sharp ache all throughout the body. Even though this is the literal effect of ice causing pain to the human body, when one interprets this definition to the phrase â€Å"The first ice of human hurt† it can be insinuated that the girl felt a resemblance between the sharp and thrilling discomfort of ice with her breakup. Perhaps not physically but the author certainly tried to convey this ide a of sharp pains being inflicted on her emotionally. Many more verses throughout the poem had the word â€Å"ice† embedded into them which display different yet similar variations of the main concept they are symbolic to. Thus, it is safe to placeShow MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis Of Wallace Stevens : The Emperor Of Ice Cream1463 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Emperor of Ice-Cream†: Works Cited Allen, Austin. â€Å"Wallace Stevens: ‘The Emperor of Ice-Cream’.† Poetry Foundation, Poetry Foundation, www.poetryfoundation.org/articles/70138/wallace-stevens-the-emperor-of-ice-cream The article was written by Austin Allen. His biography on the site reads that he has won a poetry award and that he frequently writes poems and essays that are known world-wide. This means his article is at least somewhat reliable. This site analyzes the poem thoroughly, diggingRead More Analysis of Robert Frosts Fire and Ice Essay1087 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Robert Frosts Fire and Ice      Ã‚  Ã‚   For Robert Frost, poetry and life   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   were one and the same.   In an interview he said, One thing I care about,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and wish young people could care about, is taking poetry as the first form   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   of understanding.   Each Robert Frost poem strikes a chord somewhere, each   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   poem bringing us closer to life with the compression of feeling and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   emotion into so few words.   This essay will focus on one particularRead MoreEssay Analysis of Birches by Robert Frost824 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Birches by Robert Frost In the poem Birches by Robert Frost, Frost portrays the images of a child growing to adulthood through the symbolism of aging birch trees. Through these images readers are able to see the reality of the real world compared to their carefree childhood. The image of life through tribulation is the main focal point of the poem and the second point of the poem is if one could revert back to the simpler times of childhood. The language of the poem is entirelyRead MoreGather Ye Ice-Cream While Ye May: An In Depth Analysis of Wallace Stevens â€Å"The Emperor of Ice-Cream†1654 Words   |  7 PagesGather Ye Ice-Cream While Ye May: An In Depth Analysis of Wallace Stevens â€Å"The Emperor of Ice-Cream† In the poem â€Å"The Emperor of Ice-Cream† by Wallace Stevens, a series of scenes are woven together through distinctly straightforward descriptions of the sights of a solitary man as he meanders through the dwelling of a deceased woman. The stanzas commence with the seemingly empty business dealing with the absurd: A scandalous setting dealing with whores, those that chase whores, and ice-creamRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Love Poetry from Different Poets731 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of Love Poetry from Different Poets As long as there has been poetry there has been ‘love’ poetry. Many poets express their feelings through their writing, therefore many poets write about love and other emotions and feelings attached to it. Different poets have different styles of writing, so approach that particular subject in different ways. â€Å"I am very bothered† by Simon Armitage, â€Å"I wouldn’t thank you for a Valentine† by Liz Lochhead and â€Å"First Ice† by AndreiRead MoreEssay on Robert Frosts Life and Accomplishments1244 Words   |  5 Pagesthis quote. Most of his poems already shared his message, that life is not as easy as it may first appear to be. He used the simplicity of nature and vernacular speech to give his poems a casual mood, though underneath they display a much deeper meaning of life. These poems help to show people just some of the difficult things that will be faced in life, despite everything done to prevent them from happening. In particular, his poems â€Å"Nothing Gold Can Stay,† â€Å"Fire and Ice,† and â€Å"Stopping by the WoodsRead MoreRobert Frost s Writing Style1589 Words   |  7 PagesFrost once said, â€Å"The figure a poem makes. It begins in delight and ends in wisdom... in a clarification of life - not necessarily a great clarification, such as sects and cults are founded on, but in a momentary stay against confusion† (Robert Frost Quotes). This sa me kind of thinking opened the door for metaphorical poetry that helped to show the poets transparency. His love for the social outcast and the struggles of his life are exhibited greatly in his poems. Robert Frost helped to createRead More`` Sex Without Love `` By Tina Turner845 Words   |  4 Pageswrong. Similarly, Sharon Olds’ 1985 poem â€Å"Sex without Love† reflects a speaker’s disapproval and disappointment articulated with an ironic tone. At first glance, the speaker seems to be baffled on how an action can occur without the presence of the other, but as one reads on its obvious the irony is evident. The use of metaphors climaxes the beauty of Sex that includes love while associating the loveless sex with harsh realism magnitudes. The setting of the poem coincides timelessly in any era dueRead MoreEssay on Hardships in Birches by Robert Frost1013 Words   |  5 Pagesthe good times. According to Robert Frost, the author of Birches, enduring lifes hardships can be made easier by finding a sane balance between ones imagination and reality. The poem is divided into four parts: an introduction, a scientific analysis of the bending of birch trees, an imaginatively false analysis of the phenomenon involving a New England farm boy, and a reflective wish Frost makes, wanting to return to his childhood. All of these sections have strong underlying philosophical Read MoreStylistic Analysis of the Lost Baby Poem1317 Words   |  6 PagesStudent number: 12056010 A Stylistic Analysis of  «Ã‚  the lost baby poem  Ã‚ » by Lucille Clifton In this stylistic analysis of the lost baby poem written by Lucille Clifton I will deal mainly with two aspects of stylistic: derivation and parallelism features present in the poem. However I will first give a general interpretation of the poem to link more easily the stylistic features with the meaning of the poem itself. In this poem Lucille Clifton is telling the experience she had when she had an

Islam as a Living Religious Tradition Essay - 1098 Words

Living Religious traditions are integrated meaning systems which provide adherents with comprehensive and distinctive answers to the enduring questions of human existence through Sayyid Qutb, Islamic bioethics and Hajj. Islam is a living religious tradition which helps adherents to answer the question of human existence through the legacy and writings of Sayyid Qutb, abortion, stem cell research and contraception of bioethics and Ihraam, Tawaf and Sa’y of Hajj. The paragraphs below will describe how Sayyid Qutb, Islamic bioethics and Hajj answer the question of human existence and how they all play a key role to support Islam as a living religious tradition. Sayyid Qutb answers the question of human existence and demonstrates why Islam†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœMilestones’ is a book in which Qutb lays out a plan to re-create the Muslim world on strictly Quranic grounds. ‘Milestones’ can be called â€Å"one of the most works in Arabic of the last half century.†(Hadith) It is one of Qutb’s most influential works. ‘Milestones’ was created by Qutb to start the revival of Islam. Sayyid Qutb answers the question of human existence and expresses why Islam is a living Religious tradition through his writings. Islamic ethics answers the question of human existence and demonstrates why Islam is a living religious tradition through bioethical factors such as abortion, contraception and stem cell research. There is a difference of opinion among Muslim scholars about abortion during the embryonic stage of the conception. However, Sunni and Shia Muslim’s believe that abortion should not be undertaken because the embryo has the potential to be a human being if allowed to develop. Therefore, most scholars are of the same view that it is a crime to end the life of a foetus while it is in the womb of the mother â€Å"Each of you is constituted in your mother’s womb for 40 days.† (Hadith) Although, there are certain exceptions to abortion like a serious health risk to a pregnant women or where one is faced with two bad choices and one has to choose the lesser of the two evils. Therefore, abortion demonstrates why Islam is a living Religious tradition and answers the question of human existence. Another bioethical issue isShow MoreRelatedDifferences Between Christianity And Islam1444 Words   |  6 Pagesis filled with diverse religious backgrounds, â€Å"humanity forms but one community† (â€Å"Nostra Aetate†). There is an indisputable bond between humans, regardless of the beliefs they hold. 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It gives peoples identity and is a unifying factor among peoples of different languages and nationalities. Religion shapes and defines a society, giving direction and even influencing the laws a nation creates. Nearly all religions celebrate or mark important events in the life of a person such birth, marriage and death. Birth is the beginning of a human life and is celebrated differently across various religions. The religiousRead MoreInner Peace- religion952 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Analyse how the individual is guided towards acheiving inner peace in TWO religious traditions. (18/20)Inner peace is defined as an internal quality of calmness and security which puts the mind at ease and fills the adherent with a sense of tranquility and assurance. For adherents to Christianity and Islam, inner peace is an inevitable and hugely rewarding consequence of genuine faith. It is developed rather than striven for, through a unique combinat ion of personal, communal, scriptural and doctrinalRead MoreHinduism : What Is The Point Of Origin Or Polytheistic?1544 Words   |  7 PagesHinduism 1. What is the point of origin Hinduism is a collective term applied to the many philosophical and religious traditions native to India. Hinduism doesn’t have a specific point of origin or a specific founder. 2. How did religion/philosophy spread? An advanced, city-based community of people came out and became visible from the related to land and crops village culture of the Indus River Valley and lowered in number, for unknown reasons, within a thousand years. The remains of the twoRead MoreReligion and Peace - Christianity and Islam894 Words   |  4 PagesChristians view peace it is imperative to understand the source of the teachings for each religion. The principles teachings of peace for Both Christianity and Islam are primarily found in the sacred texts of both religious traditions. Christianity looks to the bible and specifically the New Testament for teachings about peace, whereas Islam focuses’ on the Qur’an and Hadith to guide their beliefs of peace. These sacred texts guide the individual adherents of each religion to achieving inner peace

C.S. Foresters Lieutenant Hornblower Success and Essay Example For Students

C.S. Foresters Lieutenant Hornblower: Success and Essay FailureC.S. Foresters Lieutenant Hornblower: Success and FailureIn the novel Lieutenant Hornblower there were a few scenes wereHornblower was a success and a few were he was a failure. In my opinion the first success of Hornblower was when he used all thecannons on one side of the ship to free them from the mud holding the ship. Another success was when Hornblower suggested a landing attack on Samana Bay. The commanding officer agreed with his suggestion, and they put together alanding party. Hornblower had the whole attack planed and the coordinatesmarked. His surprise attack on the Spanish at Samana proved to be a success. Once the fort was taken over he was successful in firing red hot shot at enemyships, even without ever using that technique before. Then when the negotiationwith the Spanish took place he had a brilliant idea to mount a nine pound cannonat the upper end of the peninsula to prevent the Spanish from escaping. Thisenabled them to turn down the terms of the proposal that the Spanish wanted andget what they wanted without giving anything to the Spanish. These achievementsmade by Hornblower is what later earned him the command of the Retribution,although his command of the Retribution did not come until later when the warstarted again. Hornblower had also had a few failures that hindered his successes. Among these was when Hornblower was using the red hot shot to sink enemy ships. This was both a success and failure. It was a failure because after heating theshot for a considerably long period of time the shot began to deform. Thisdeformity of the shot wouldnt allow it to fit into the cannon. Hornblowerrealized his mistake after one of the shots wouldnt fit into the cannon. Thisslowed their operation down but didnt cause a defeat to them. The situationwith Hornblower gambling is mostly in my opinion a success but it could also bea failure. The way I think it would be a failure is that he lost a lot of hismoney and couldnt afford some necessities. Hornblower also won a considerableamount of money and his playing Whist with Parry led to the confirming of hiscommand of the Retribution. I feel these examples show both the success and failure of LieutenantHornblower throughout the novel. His success lead him to commander ofRetribution and his failures were small and didnt have great effect on hisoutcome. English

Therapeutic Interventions For Patients Of Dementia †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Therapeutic Interventions For Patients Of Dementia. Answer: Introduction Dementia is a broad category of brain disease, affecting persons ability to recall and identify people. It is a group of symptoms caused by more than 70 disorders in brain, affecting the patients intellectual functioning and gradually decreases his ability to recall. These effects are severe enough to obstruct the patients daily activities and relationships (Cipriani et al. 2017). From the first symptom, loss of memory, through the development of behavioral and communal changes, dementia affect persons quality of life. There is no drug available to cure dementia and related syndromes. However, certain drugs can slower the process of memory loss by combating the symptoms. Hence, to treat such disease clinicians have come up with some non-pharmacological interventions (Kales, Gitlin Lyketsos, 2015). While pharmacological interventions are measured and standardized with dose amount, non-pharmacological are difficult to evaluate as it can show different results on two patients. There are different ways to categorize such interventions like depending on the treatment goal, therapeutic approach and so on. Therapeutic goal consists of factors that aims to improve the quality of life and health of the patient suffering from dementia (Cabrera et al., 2015). These interventions rarely are standardized, as standardization needs a large section of patient going through the intervention to see the effects. In this critical analysis, discussion on such non-pharmacological or therapeutic interventions has been included. The array of therapeutic interventions in dementia-care is broad including daily interactions between care provider and the patient, art related therapies, social and environmental effects, and even animal therapies as well. Hence, in this discussion, cognition focused psychosocial interventions are going to be discussed. Cognition focused approaches According to Liu, Au and Wong (2017), this intervention is further divided into 4 parts Cognitive stimulus therapy Reminiscence therapy Reality orientation and Validation therapy Cognitive training and Multi-sensory stimulation Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) This is one of the several therapeutic interventions used to treat patients with Alzheimers or the other dementias. In this therapy, patients are involved in a session with trainer practitioner of interpersonal communication. Session of each day held based on themes such as patients favorite food, current affair, memories physical games, number games, usage of money, association of words and so on. Initial sessions are held twice in a week consisting of beginning and maintenance sessions. Hence, it can be stated that the CST includes patients respect, choice, fun, and participation by maximizing their potential and ability to recollect (Aguirre et al., 2013). The prime goal of cognitive stimulation therapy is to create an atmosphere in which patients are able to get educated and strengthen their pre-existing abilities. Hence, they will be able to focus on their capacity to recollect. According to Orrell et al. (2017), evidences suggest that CST sessions given to 180 pair of patients, who went through CST program shown better results as their behavior towards their family and caregivers changed significantly. According to Cove et al., (2014), study on three group of patients also highlights the beneficial effects of CST on dementia care. These three groups were dementia patient with trained caregivers, dementia patient with non-trained caregivers and Control group. Each group were given 14 sessions of weekly CST. However, very less changes was observed in case of group two, whose caregivers were not trained in providing CST. Hence, no improvement was seen in their cognition and quality of life. Whereas the group one showed significant chan ges in cognition as the caregivers received the training to provide CST. These results also suggest that the duration of such sessions need to be increased as this particular once in a week dose may not be enough to prevent the natural corrosion in dementia. Therefore, from the review of both these studies it is significant that CST is an effective way to treat patient with dementia. There was a noticeable difference between the mental state and behavior of patients with usual medication and patients with CST sessions. Different measures were to identify this finding. First was Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the other one was Alzheimers Disease Assessment Scale Cognition (ADAS-Cog) (Cove et al., 2014). The aim of these tests were to investigate memory and orientation as well as language and visuospatial abilities. These measures were also used in pharmacological trials hence the direct comparison was possible. Reminiscence therapy Reminiscence Therapy (RT) is consists of discussions of experiences, events and activities with the help of previous photographs, household items, familiar incidents and archives music collection. This discussion can happen with an individual or a group of people trained to do such things. In RT meetings, different groups are involved, where participants are motivated to talk about their past-life once in a week. These are individual sessions where patients are made to recall their life incidences and experiences chronologically and evaluate those incidences (Cotelli, Mnaenti Zanetti, 2012). Family of those patients are also involved in such therapy, as family is one of the important pillars to provide such therapy. This therapy is a popular psychological intervention for people affected with dementia and has been rated one of the best therapy by participants as well as care providing staff. The aim of this therapy is to target the long-term memory as the prime symptom of dementia i s impaired short-term memory and the in maximum cases the long-term memory stays intact. Hence, RT acts as an intervention, which leads people to recall their long-term memory and eventually re-live their happy past life. Hereby, care providers can develop a book or life record of the patient so that they can easily access their own past life. There are two types of reminiscence therapy. First is simple or general reminiscence. The main aim of such therapy is to help the patient recollect their common memories, developing sociability and educational as well as entertaining sessions. This therapy triggers the topics the participant is interested in; however, the unlikely topics or painful topics are avoided for primary session. Another therapy includes Specific reminiscence therapy that includes small groups or only individual, as according to its name, it is more specific (Subramaniam Woods, 2012). According to Chen, Li and Li (2012), RT was imposed on a group of patients and they had to go through six weekly sessions for 90mins. The first session include sharing identities among the group. The procedure for other sessions were almost the same inclusive of three parts: homework, agenda development and review of those, concentrating on reminiscences, feedback, and assignment submission and so on. After such therapy, the primary outcome was decreased symptoms. Other outcomes include higher self-esteem, life satisfaction and decreased loneliness. Another evidence showed same result, where the sample population had mean age greater than 55. The intervention applied to them was weekly 4 sessions for 6 weeks. The outcome was registered after 6th week and the professionals found that patients health was recovered as therapy improved their quality of life. They started communicating to caregivers and families that improved their condition. They were able to relate to their own biograph y hence their ability of cognition was improved (Hofmann et al., 2012). Hence, from these evidences it can be stated that reminiscence therapy works as a flashback of the past life for the patients with dementia. Involvement of families and friends makes easier for those patients and caregivers to improve. Whether it is an individual session or a group activity primary aim is to connect to the patients interest and experience as these plays major roles in care planning process. This therapy helps the patients to increase their social connection and decrease their aggression. Reality Orientation and Validation Therapy Reality orientation (RO) is a therapy to improve the quality of life in the patients of dementia. However, previously it was used to treat the severely disturbed war prisoners rather than such therapeutic intervention. In this therapy, patient is provided with an overview or presentation of orientation information within which they are informed about the place, time to increase their understanding about the surrounding they are living in. furthermore, this is another way to improve their self-control, self-esteem and social connectivity. There are different forms of this therapy such as usage of calendars, notice boards, cuing and people can be given such therapies in a group or individually as well (Woods, 2014). The caregivers should be sensitive about the condition of the patient as they have impaired cognition and may react to some interventions. They can have difficulties to remember any current event; hence, the caregiver should be polite and ready to face any adverse situation . Usage of RO as a therapeutic intervention is controversial. According to some experts, it has been applied to some patients mechanically where caregivers were insensitive to the needs of patient. Experts also suggested that patients need to relearn these materials provided in RO as it helps to improve their mood and self-esteem. Furthermore, less psychiatric interventions uses such therapy to treat patients. Hence, to prove the application of this therapy as an intervention for dementia, evidences need to be provided. Evidences from a systematic review to check the effectiveness of the Reality Orientation was taken. The review included 43 studies and from that six-review paper were taken as they match the criteria. Length of the RO session was diverse, some sessions lasted 30 minutes for five times a week, and some lasted 45 minutes twice a week (Aguirre et al., 2013). Results from those papers suggested that RO therapy significantly affected the cognition and behavioral aspects of patient and was in favor of the patient. It also indicated that the RO therapy benefited the patients mood and self-esteem. However, longer sessions and continuous therapy was needed. Naomi Feil first developed validation therapy. The discovery of this therapy was a result of shortcoming of other therapies like Cognition therapy, reminiscence therapy and reality orientation as these therapies were applied to a patient, who had advanced level of dementia. Naomi Feil classified the symptoms and level of dementia according to the patients cognition reach and developed symptoms (Feil, 2014). The development was a result of solutions created to address the problems of patients and caregivers while treating advanced level dementia. In such therapy, the Caregiver attempts to connect with the patient by understanding his/her feeling and relating that with his/her behavioral and vocal indications. This therapy targets to understand the patients feelings and try to validate those for betterment of the patient. The prime aim is to keep the patient happy in any situation, as advanced stage of dementia leads them to feel or see delusions, which makes them distressed (Gitlin, K ales Lyketsos, 2012). Some important features of this therapy includes initially the caregiver tries to classify the behavior of patient and then other interventions are applied. Application of these interventions depends on the complexity of the disease that is different for each individual. It is classified in four stages: Repetitive motions, Confusion related to time, mal orientation, and finally vegetation. All these steps are identifies by different cognition levels and behavior features upon which the intervention depends (Jones Miesen, 2014). Studies from various experiments suggested that there are numerous positive effects of validation therapy. Effects depends on the number of validation session patients receive and amount of interactions they go through per week. However, there are few studies, which did not find any significant effect on patient. Cognitive training and Multi-sensory stimulation The fundamental idea of Cognitive training is to improve the patients ability to recall.and that can be achieved by repetitive practice of cognition functioning. This training helps to develop the knowledge strategies through which the patient can receive such information. Hence, through continuous practice of these daily tasks and will power of patients to live an independent life, conditions of patients are supposed to be improved. This therapy can be individualized or may be carried out in a group (Bahar?Fuchs, Clare Woods, 2013). Daily tasks can be made up of intelligence materials including pictorial materials, sequential images and logical tasks like cube task, row formation and ability to note task. Other tasks includes ability to recognize, search, solve small arithmetical questions perception of speed and so on. These therapies are applied in modern day cognitive training, which represents the behavioral therapy for patients with dementia. Evidences to prove the effectiveness of this therapy includes different variety of methods for different people. There is no specific process dedicated to this therapy hence period of therapy, process of application, measurements of results are different for every patient. Hence, generally there is only few amount of methods where studies on a large population is present (Unverzagt et al., 2012). As a result, it can be stated that firstly results are of very narrow spectrum as randomized methods are less. Secondly, most of the methods are controversial and lastly array of dementia for every patient is so different that drawing comparison between them is quite problematic. Hence, applying this intervention is under research and needs further experimentation. Multi-sensory stimulations are therapies, which helps the patients of dementia to control their senses that is touch, smell, sight, hear and taste by evoking positive feelings. This therapy was discovered to treat patients with learning disabilities in late 1960s (Brodaty Burns, 2012). It created an environment by providing safe and enjoyable activities in which people can learn freely. However, nowadays it is used to treat Alzheimers, dementia, autism and many more disabilities. In case of advanced dementia, patients ability to communicate and carry out the daily activities decreases. This therapy provides them a way to reconnect by letting them express themselves, as at that period they are unable to do so with words. It makes them feel safe and relax and improves their self-esteem, mood and consequently their health improves (Lykkeslet et al., 2014). According to the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapist (CAOT), application of such therapy should be with familiar objects and should target one sense at a time. Objects includes familiar clothes and foods, natural materials like fruits and flowers and materials, which are sensory rich like perfumes, grooming tools and so on. This therapy is applied in a long residential care set up as patients at that stage suffers from agitation and restlessness. According to Maseda et al. (2014). Evidence has shown that this therapy, when applied to a small group of patient and for a prolonged period, showed better results. However, these results varied among patients, as the stage of dementia they were suffering from was different. Conclusion Dementia is one of the fastest growing mental disorder affecting older adults. While there is no medicine available to treat dementia effectively, usage of non-pharmacological or therapeutic intervention can be used to treat such patients. This critical analysis has indicated four interventions, which can improve the state of patients with dementia. Cognitive therapy focused the persons ability to recollect the pieces of his past and create an autobiography to improve his present condition. Evidences also supported that this therapy has positive effects on dementia. Reminiscence therapy, which involves the patient in meetings and discussions to talk about their experiences, also effected the persons self-esteem and mood positively. Other intervention discussed was reality orientation and validation therapy. However, evidences does not support this therapy as it depends on the stage of disease and group of patient. Lastly, multi-sensory therapy and cognitive training was included, whi ch helps the last stage dementia patient to communicate with society, as they are unable to express their selves. References Aguirre, E., Hoare, Z., Streater, A., Spector, A., Woods, B., Hoe, J., Orrell, M. (2013). Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) for people with dementiawho benefits most?.International journal of geriatric psychiatry,28(3), 284-290. Bahar?Fuchs, A., Clare, L., Woods, B. (2013). Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation for mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.The Cochrane Library. Brodaty, H., Burns, K. (2012). Nonpharmacological management of apathy in dementia: a systematic review.The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,20(7), 549-564. Cabrera, E., Sutcliffe, C., Verbeek, H., Saks, K., Soto-Martin, M., Meyer, G., ... RightTimePlaceCare Consortium. (2015). Non-pharmacological interventions as a best practice strategy in people with dementia living in nursing homes. A systematic review.European Geriatric Medicine,6(2), 134-150. Chen, T. J., Li, H. J., Li, J. (2012). The effects of reminiscence therapy on depressive symptoms of Chinese elderly: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial.BMC psychiatry,12(1), 189. Cipriani, J., Benz, A., Holmgren, A., Kinter, D., McGarry, J. and Rufino, G., 2017. A systematic review of the effects of horticultural therapy on persons with mental health conditions.Occupational Therapy in Mental Health,33(1), pp.47-69. Cotelli, M., Manenti, R., Zanetti, O. (2012). Reminiscence therapy in dementia: A review.Maturitas,72(3), 203-205. Cove, J., Jacobi, N., Donovan, H., Orrell, M., Stott, J., Spector, A. (2014). Effectiveness of weekly cognitive stimulation therapy for people with dementia and the additional impact of enhancing cognitive stimulation therapy with a carer training program.Clinical interventions in aging,9, 2143. Feil, N. (2014). Validation therapy with late-onset dementia populations.Caregiving in dementia: Research and applications,1, 199-218. Gitlin, L. N., Kales, H. C., Lyketsos, C. G. (2012). Nonpharmacologicmanagement of behavioral symptoms in dementia.Jama,308(19), 2020-2029. Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J., Sawyer, A. T., Fang, A. (2012). The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses.Cognitive therapy and research,36(5), 427-440. Jones, G. M., Miesen, B. M. (Eds.). (2014).Care-Giving in Dementia: Volume 1: Research and Applications. Routledge. Kales, H. C., Gitlin, L. N., Lyketsos, C. G. (2015). Assessment andmanagement of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.bmj,350(7), h369. Liu, T., Au, C. L. A., Wong, G. H. Y. (2017). Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) for Dementia. Lykkeslet, E., Gjengedal, E., Skrondal, T., Storjord, M. B. (2014). Sensory stimulationa way of creating mutual relations in dementia care.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being,9(1), 23888. Maseda, A., Snchez, A., Marante, M. P., Gonzlez-Abraldes, I., Bujn, A., Milln-Calenti, J. C. (2014). Effects of multisensory stimulation on a sample of institutionalized elderly people with dementia diagnosis: a controlled longitudinal trial.American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Other Dementias,29(5), 463-473. Orrell, M., Yates, L., Leung, P., Kang, S., Hoare, Z., Whitaker, C., ... Pearson, S. (2017). The impact of individual Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (iCST) on cognition, quality of life, caregiver health, and family relationships in dementia: A randomised controlled trial.PLoS medicine,14(3), e1002269. Subramaniam, P., Woods, B. (2012). 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The Internet altered the core tendencies in mass media businesses in any part of the convergent media

Twilight Essay Example

Twilight Essay Example Twilight Essay Twilight Essay The myth of the vampire existed in a multitude of civilizations and cultures under various names such is strigoi (for the Romanian territory), Apotamkin, etc. But no matter the name, vampires will always refer to gothic creatures that drain the blood of humans, thus being monstrous. The first writer to introduce the vampire in literature was Lord Byron in the eighteenth century, but the most significant writer to develop the myth was Bram Stoker. He is the „father† of the vampire as he gave a complete description of the vampire in his most famous book† Dracula†. After the release of the book, the myth of the vampire became extremely popular amongst writers and as a consequence the books whose main characters were vampires sky-rocketed. Amongst the most famous contemporary writers which developed and modified the myth of the vampire is Stephenie Meyer with her famous „Twilight†. In her book we find a multitude of deviations from the myth but still she keeps many things as they are with the main purpose of enhancing the vampire’s romantic features. For instance, when Bella takes on the task of finding out the reason why Edward isn’t allowed to come to the La Push beach, she finds a book which describes what Edward is. When searching the camera focuses on all the key words that point to the unnatural and supernatural abilities which Edward has: „the cold one†, one who drinks† the immortal drink† , „undead†, „immortal† and so on. On the other hand Twilight is a complete success, so much so that most of the films flaws work within the context of the story. Personally I would think that the book was better than the movie. For the reason that whilst reading a book anyone can make their imagination run, but when watching a movie all the thinking is done for the viewer. In some cases of a book being made into a film, it is the book that is more fascinating, for the reason that books appear to use more words of description that a movie could not be able to portray. The theme of a love affair between predator and prey, the lion falling in love with the lamb[1] (as said in the book), did not get revealed enough in the movie compared to what the book had showed. Twilight had a reasonable story line and it had some action scenes to keep me entertained but I felt it could have had a more spellbinding plot seeing as how the film was about blood thirsty vampires. While Twilight is about a vampire, the film itself is a romantic comedy rather than a vampire/horror/action. Producers and directors used the grainy grey filter in order to give a gothic dark atmosphere to the movie. They also insured that they used skewed camera angles to make the film more like a movie than a music video. Applying shots such as close ups, pans, birds eye view, gave the sense of action and made the movie more fascinating. And by using non dietetic and dietetic shots furthermore enhanced the climax a certain scenes in the movie. The director, Catherine Hardwicke said that we were not settled on a specific visual rhythm and the film looks uneven. When we started shooting there were no clear markers on how this film was meant to be structured in terms of cinematography [2] and that made the film in some sense appear to be dated and uninspired. Overall, Id have to say that nothing reached 1my expatiations, although nothing was horrible. The film did its job, and there is always room for growth in the next few films that are said to being made (new moon and eclipse). The first in a series isnt always the strongest, and this one provides a decent structure for future events.

Viewpoints of each anthropologists Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Viewpoints of each anthropologists - Essay Example Specific jobs allotted to men and women, who according to their natural skills and behavior; fulfill them. People make culture through their inclinations and behavior. The most influencing human beings in any society impose their thoughts; not only through their words but also through their actions; which they believe in. Literature and arts depict the deep understanding and believes; in a cultural system. This not only provides the formula of kinship but also determines the prohibitions in different scenarios. Incest prohibition; for an instance is a natural law or a socio-cultural decorum, developed later, anthropologist and ethno historians’ researches show perplexed statements about it. However, it is present since the oldest times, Huron people prohibited cousin marriage. Communication of thoughts and ideas conveyed from one generation to the other defines the general behavior or attitude of people in a cultural system. Levis ideology may sound obscure at the time it was presented, but as the time passed; it became essentially acceptable by Anthropologist of modern era. Ethics and behavior play a great role in balancing a society. Norms act as unspoken rules and therefore people obey them to sustain the balance. People try to understand these customs through their close relations. Therefore relations are necessary for people to understand a cultural system. People usually assert age or sex in mind to judge or predict; less understood relations. Levi didn’t use the notion of relations directly, but used nature and culture which molds a person in a certain cultural system. Nature doesnt nourish what requires by a society; but culture does make a person aware of implications around or on him. Although the importance of relationships, especially blood relations and their direct impact through interaction with other kin of the family may effect adversely if they are not structurally in correct order. However, the incest is not

IT & Financial Services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

IT & Financial Services - Essay Example For this, the needs of financial transactions arise on a regular basis. In these days information technology is the biggest invention that contributes to the welfare of humanity. It not only speeds up the mode of everyday life but also makes life easier. â€Å"Time† is the most precious element in today’s life. The value of time is the biggest concern for everyone. Digitalization and introduction of information technology in the field of financial transactions help mankind to a great extent (Mann & Mann, 2011, p.264-320). Initially it needed some specific computer or web based knowledge to pursue such transactions. However, once a person got the access to knowledge of computer and information technology systems, it turned into the most desired mode of transaction. The online banking facility is one such application of information technology which emerged as the best way to transfer money in short time (Stathopoulos, 1995, pp.56-79). People used to save money in banks no t only for getting interest but also for its security. The implementation of information technology in personal financial transactions, however, gave rise to questions on security. The online banking system depends on a username and password to access an account. So it will be very crucial to make all the transactions in a safe and secured way. Different measures are taken to ensure the security of financial transactions. The measures include generation of one-time passwords, alerts for password changes at periodic intervals, provision of net-secure codes in financial transactions (Glaessner et al., 2002, p.145). Financial transaction When a transaction in terms of money is carried out between two people namely the buyer and seller in the market, such transactions are known as financial transaction. As the transaction is done, the financial position of the two parties gets altered. In most of the cases, a financial transaction is done on account of receipt of different items which c an create value in the form of information, goods, and services. In ancient times, there were no concepts of financial transaction. People used barter system in order to exchange goods and services. The traders faced problems in this system as they may not have needed such items or services in a certain swap. Next, valuable metals like gold and silver were introduced to carry out the transactions. With the advent of civilization, the monetary coins and printed flat money were used for the transactions. These are referred as financial transactions. In the 20th century floating currency gradually got replaced by fixed currency. In recent times, the computer networks are used for electronic mode of money transfer which increased the speed of transactions. However, the advanced mode of electronic money transfer has its own complexities as well (Friedland, 2010, p.245). The money which can be exchanged electronically by using computer networks and internet is known as electronic money or e- Money. When the money is transferred from one account to another through computer using the software and applications of information technology, it is referred to as Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT). The other modes of financial transaction include the use of wire transfer, payment card, debit card, direct deposit, online banking electronic benefit transfer, etc. (Friedland, 2002, p.287). Wire transfer- It is also known as credit transfer. Wire transfer involves transfer of money from

Fashion Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fashion Theory - Essay Example The essay "Fashion Theory" discovers the theory of fashion. Dior,† New look promoted a fashion that exhibited the beauty of women and matched the political schema of the new world. Hence, the Dior was a successful design that showed relevance and adaptability with the changing social trends. Fashion forecasting entails embracing changes in the fashion industry. It comprises the contemporary elements of cultural awareness, technology, socio-political reservations and the market structure. Hence, fashion forecasts enhances conformity with the social forces and expectations. The increased number of new-borns triggered the development of the junior market during the 1950s era. The increased number of kids created a market gap that facilitated the growth of the junior market. Brand prominence conforms to the Thorsten Veblen theory. Both concepts ostensible rights and qualities. Therefore, they encompass high-quality products that appeal to nature. The models also progress high deman d and expensive products. Sumptuary laws work to minimize extravagance by reproving luxury. Therefore, the decree works towards creating a balance between spending and priority of needs. Maslow hierarchy presents human beings priority requirements in a pattern similar to a pyramid. It prioritizes the needs according to the urgency of survival. According to the pattern, the necessities facilitate survival and determines the relationship, for instance, food, water, safety and shelter. The costume offers the development.

Introduction About Competitive Advantage Commerce Essay

Introduction About Competitive Advantage Commerce Essay First of all, I would like to define what is competitive advantage? Competitive advantage will be exists when the company is able to deliver the same benefit as what the competitors delivering but in a lower cost (cost advantage), or deliver benefit that exceed these of competing products (differentiation advantage). Thus, competitive advantages give the company capable to create great value for its customers and great profits for itself. As what Michael Porter mentioned two basic types of competitive advantage are the Cost advantage and Differentiation advantage. Cost competitive advantage. To achieve this kind of advantage in the company all what the company should do is to offer the better products to the customers with reduced cost compared to the competitors. For example, HP has achieved sustainable cost competitive advantage over all its competitors by being able to produce highly quality laptops at a cheaper rate. Differentiation competitive advantage The organization can achieved Differentiation competitive advantage if it is can make better values with its competitors. Distinctive Competencies Value Creation Resources Cost Advantage Or Differentiation Advantage Capabilities Figure 1: Competitive advantage Models As we have in Figure 1describes a competitive advantage model. we have seen from the model combination of the organizational human resources and material resources and capabilities forms the distinctive abilities to make the organization able to make a difference with respect the cost advantage of differentiation advantage, which will creates values for the organization and the customers. This is a good way based on the theory that more benefit to the company itself to reach a goal continually, like in the company, we should have quality and capability compare with the competitor. How Competitive Advantage helps to the Hewlett- Packard Company. HP Company one of those IT companies which is biggest in all over the world with quarterly yearly about $97.1 billion .This company able to remain this great record in the competitive advantage over the competitors. The sustainable competitive advantage able to achieve the benefit for the company with many ways that does not has other choice except sustaining like this record. Gain of the competitive advantage has increased the companyà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s revenue well. In 2006, HP achieved better revenue about $91.7 billion, in the same time the revenue of IBM about $91.4 billion, as for the revenue of the company in 2007, became much better about $104 billion, and it became the first IT company arrived to revenue more than $100 billion, and it continued to progress did not stop at this level, acquisition of the EDS in 2008, also jacked up the revenue to $118.4 billion. The competitive advantage start gained and afforded since HP attributed to leadership position in the world technology with groups strategically assigned to drive industry leadership in the main technology areas. The Personal Systems group is responsible about the work station, mobile computing equipments and PCs that coming from lead the business and consumer. As for the imaging and printing group their responsibly is how to get the successful for record in forms of printing devices, as for the imaging and printing group their responsibly is how to get the successful for record in forms of printing devices. The performance of these HP groups makes HP Company almost the best among of its equals. In January 2010 a report from Gartner and IDC Market Research Firms, there is a wide gap between HP and Dell. HB was the 6th largest world software company. As for 2008, it was global leadership position in laser, Jacket, large format and multifunction printers market and the second IT service provider throughout the world. All these results did not come by chance, but this company got these result by maintain some degree of superiority on the competitors. In the end we can get one thing that, all the benefits the company got is based on the competitive advantage. Analysis of Competitive Advantage in HP Company. The HP Company has an ability to afford and achieve competitive advantage well-deserved. The company took the way that to Simplifies the technological experiments for the customers. This is including to all the services start from printing, personal computing, services, software and IT infrastructure, this is very important to let all HP products usable and with simply from the users. There is only one way can analyze HP competitive advantage is by discussion of HP values, where HP values are associated with the set out by the founding HP leaders. Those unique ways underscoring for the decision-making as for the advancement of the firm it is just like a map, and HP pioneers based on the corporate culture on integration and reinforcement from critical opposites position. The useful thing from this practice is, use the benefits of the approaches as the case and Balancing associated risks, and also there is another way the competitive advantage of HP Company is through developing cross functional individuals. Unlike other companies that just hire staffs and train them for a specific job requirement to be assigned to such staffs throughout their stay in the organization, HP makes sure that all her employees move more than four to six functional areas with the company to allow them to work more than one departments of the company and thereby effectively managing the organizational knowledge through effective sharing among its staffs. It has been widely agreed that in this knowledge era, effective knowledge management will surely lead to achievement of competitive advantage. The reason to make HP Company strong is the quest for developing the employee, because the developing of the employees very important to progress the company, so because of this reason the company able to achieve effective organizational in 2004, Miller recognized that since 1980, became too busy with all the employee retraining program that call (SJS) Software Job Skills. The company quested to retraining employees who may naturally be laid-off, that makes the company to be able to afford its competitive advantage when the employees every time continue to be relevant and compliant with the new trend organizational need and employees are considered important in the performance of every organization. Organizational competitiveness is coming by implementation of knowledge management and its benefits. Knowledge management helps to reduce the product cost as a result of the possibility of re usability; this allows the organization to be able to offer services of the same quality even better than that of its competitive at a relatively low cost. This is important way to gaining competitive advantage. In addition, the implementation of knowledge management brought about better employee productivity and coordination which has a positive result which effect on organizational performance, also have another important factor in everywhere is service deliver powered by the real time communication facility. As HP has wise saying as following If only HP know what HP knows! It means that the required knowledge and skills for solving your problem resides somewhere within the company. This means that the company has achieved a lot through effective communication. All these account for achieving sustainable competitive advantage. According to Lava, Feyhl and Kakourus (2005), the business supply chain cant achieve to using only the Operation Research or from the global era, this methods is move faster in the business environment, will require a lot of time which might result in to delay in the service delivery and thereby negatively affect customer satisfaction. Planning of HP came out with that which is combines the optimization ability. HP have a same opinion that the risk that related with the product by the demand, the component of price and uncertainty the stock and all of the company influence the revenue and profits. Based on Ngali, Hwang, Sanghera, Gaskins, Pridgan, Thuvston, Mackenvoth, Branvold, Scholler, and Shoemaker (2008), the management group that made by HP and they develop and build that model by mathematics, the business process and software to planning and developing risk by the product. This is having a lot of advantages for the company. Since 2006, HP can get $ 7 billion from the spending by saving the cost from $ 128 million. This is made a benefit for the company and gives the contribution to the competitive advantage continually from the company. The products of HP are always better than that of its competitors and such a refinery and marked a second from time to time to meet the changing technical needs of customers. Only in November 2009, HP Storage Works XP9000 introduced new network storage as a system that is designed primarily to meet the bullish trend to the explosive growth of data and to improve the performance of applications using the file based outside a measure of engaging has the ability to manage information more efficiently use a space name alone. This brought the companys most popular networking in the community since such creativity is required in virtually all organizations that deal with large data. The work of a very efficient storage in data storage is known for the relatively low leisure time.

The Tale of Genji by Murasaki Shikibu Essay -- The Heian Period, Japan

Being a student interested in the field of biology, one knows that studying life in the past plays an important role in the history of organisms that lived on this earth. Similarly, being Japanese, studying the past of how Japanese were plays an important role in Japanese history. Despite all the general aspects of life that have changed from the Heian period, the one idea that has definitely not changed is the romantic relationships between a man and woman. Though the general concept is the same, from reading The Tale of Genji, it is what was considered the ideal woman and ideal man that were both surprising and thus worth discussing. Written around 978 by Murasaki Shikibu, The Tale of Genji, regarded as the world’s first novel, is an excellent source describing the ideal woman and man during the Heian period. Life in the Heian period revolved around the court and the social hierarchy that came with it. Thus it is completely understandable that one of the most important characteristics of an ideal man or woman was the person’s ranking. For most women, especially those in the lower ranks, to be able to give birth to a son whose father was of high rank would up her own status. Note however, though that she did not need to marry the father, and this was indeed the case for many women. The main reason for this is because men, especially those with high ranks like Genji and Tà µ no Chujà µ had affairs with many women regardless to who they themselves were married. Genji and Tà µ no Chujà µ both knew that because of their high rank, they could for the most part, get any woman they wished. Yet, it is b ecause of this that in The Tale of Genji, they could actually seriously consider various characteristics that they feel represente... ...whereas the ideal man would be one of high rank, faithful and had a tenderness and eloquence. The main trait discussed that would still apply personally as an ideal man and woman though would be one who was faithful. Though appearance is still a factor, what is considered beautiful has changed and a social hierarchy in the United States does not exist today. All in all, a relationship between a man and woman is an important aspect of anyone’s life, regardless of the place in history, and studying these aspects from a great novel like The Tale of Genji, plays a vital role in understanding Japanese culture. Works Cited Shikibu, Murasaki. The Tale of Genji. NY, NY: Penguin Classics, 2001. 319. Print. Smits, Gregory. "The Heian Period Aristocrats." East Asian History. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Feb 2011. .

Communication Barrier Essay

Introduction Effective communication is an important facet and skills are essential in all spheres oflife. Communication is effective when the stimulus as initiated and intended by the sender, or source, corresponds closely to the stimulus as it is perceived and responded to by the receiver† (Tubbs and Moss, 2006), state . In nursing, every day we have to face to face with patient, we communicate with different people and different patients, so we must endeavour to give effective communication and also an important to counsel them from the usage of words, speed delivery of words, pitch modulation and body language. Effective communication is an essential component for organisation success, whether it is the interpersonal intra group organisation or external levels. Effective communication wills an increases patients and health outcomes of authority (Barlett, Grayson et al. , 1984), Reduces the risk of complaint and litigation of authority (Beckmam, 1994). Communication barrier is when person sends and receives messages that are distorted by noise , ccur within context,have some effect,and providesome opportunity for feedback. (Joseph Devito (2009). Communication is a conversional process of sending message. Communication is important in our life,personal relationship and anywhere. Identifying the barrier to communication is the first step to improving effective communication. if it is unable to communicate his deep are certain obstacles, try to use body languages to convey an effective communication. Discuss in the appropriate place. There are many ways to makesure memorable communication. Communication barrier is what makes communication complexs,difficult,frustrated are the barriers we put in the way. When we talk, we tend to erect barriers that hinder our ability to communicate. There are five of these types of barriers to effective communication. Physical barriers are easy to spot – doors that are closed, walls that are erected, and distance between people all work against the goal of effective communication. Physical communication takes place such as in office, ward, hospital, cafeteria and a public place. Second communication barrier is emotional barrier can be tough to overcome. By believing in yourself and what you have to say, you will be able to communicate clearly without becoming overly involved in your emotions. In the third barriers are cultural, different cultures, whether they be a societal culture of a race and religions which can hinder developed communication if different cultures clash. In these are common cases, in work situations, identifying a problem and coming up with a highly efficient way to solve it can quickly topple any cultural or institutional barriers. Another barriers are Interpersonal barriers, which what ultimately keep us from reaching out to each other, and opening ourselves up, not just to be heard, but also to hear others, this can be the most difficult area to change. They are unable to form genuine connections with people because they have too many false perceptions blocking the way. Luckily, the cure for this is more communication. By engaging with others, we learn what our actual strengths and weaknesses are. This allows us to put forth our ideas in a clear, straightforward manner. And the last barriers are gender have become less of an issue in recent years, but there is still the possibility for a man to misconstrue the words of a woman. Different gender had tended to form thoughts differently and this must be taken into barrier of both genders when communicating. (Christopher Smith II, 2010). Way of Overcoming these barrier When you send a messages,you intend to communicate meaning,but the message itself doesn’t contain meaning. The meaning exists in your mind and in the mind of your receiver. To understand one another,you and your receiver must share similar meanings for words,gestures, tone of voice and other symbols.

Biography of Norma McCorvey, Roe in Roe v. Wade

Biography of Norma McCorvey, 'Roe' in Roe v. Wade Norma McCorvey (September 22, 1947–February 18, 2017) was a young pregnant woman in Texas in 1970 without the means or funds to have an abortion. She became the plaintiff known as Jane Roe in Roe v. Wade, which was decided in 1973 and became one of the most famous Supreme Court decisions of the 20th century. McCorveys identity was hidden for another decade but, during the 1980s, the public learned about the plaintiff whose lawsuit struck down most abortion laws in the United States. In 1995, McCorvey made news again when she declared she had changed to a pro-life stance, with newfound Christian beliefs. Fast Facts: Norma McCorvey Known For: She was Roe in the famous Supreme Court abortion case Roe. v. Wade.Also Known As: Norma Leah Nelson, Jane RoeBorn: Sept. 22, 1947 in Simmesport, LouisianaParents: Mary and Olin NelsonDied: Feb. 18, 2017 in Katy, TexasPublished Works: I Am Roe (1994), Won by Love (1997)Spouse: Elwood McCorvey (m.  1963–1965)Children: Melissa (Nothing is publicly known of the two children McCorvey gave up for adoption.)Notable Quote: â€Å"I wasn’t the wrong person to become Jane Roe. I wasn’t the right person to become Jane Roe. I was just the person who became Jane Roe, of Roe v. Wade. And my life story, warts and all, was a little piece of history.† Early Years McCorvey was born on Sept. 22, 1947, as Norma Nelson to Mary and Olin Nelson. McCorvey ran away from home at one point and, after returning, was sent to reform school. After the family moved to Houston, her parents divorced when she was 13. McCorvey suffered abuse, met and married Elwood McCorvey at age 16, and left Texas for California. When she returned, pregnant and frightened, her mother took her baby to raise. McCorveys second child was raised by the father of the baby with no contact from her. McCorvey initially said that her third pregnancy, the one in question at the time of Roe v. Wade, was the result of rape, but years later she said she had invented the rape story in an attempt to make a stronger case for an abortion. The rape story was of little consequence to her lawyers because they wanted to establish a right to abortion for all women, not just those who had been raped. Roe v. Wade Roe v. Wade was filed in Texas in March 1970 on behalf of the named plaintiff and all women similarly situated, typical wording for a class-action lawsuit. Jane Roe was the lead plaintiff of the class. Because of the time it took for the case to make its way through the courts, the decision did not come in time for McCorvey to have an abortion. She gave birth to her child, whom she put up for adoption. Sarah Weddington and Linda Coffee were the Roe v. Wade plaintiffs lawyers. They were looking for a woman who wanted an abortion but did not have the means to obtain one. An adoption attorney introduced the lawyers to McCorvey. They needed a plaintiff who would remain pregnant without traveling to another state or country where abortion was legal because they feared that if their plaintiff obtained an abortion outside of Texas, her case could be rendered moot and dropped. At various times, McCorvey has clarified that she did not consider herself an unwilling participant in the Roe v. Wade lawsuit. However, she felt that feminist activists treated her with disdain because she was a poor, blue-collar, drug-abusing woman instead of a polished, educated feminist. Activist Work After McCorvey revealed that she was Jane Roe, she encountered harassment and violence. People in Texas yelled at her in grocery stores and shot at her house. She aligned herself with the pro-choice movement, even speaking at the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C., She worked at several clinics where abortions were provided. In 1994, she wrote a book, with a ghostwriter, called I am Roe: My Life, Roe v. Wade, and Freedom of Choice. The Conversion In 1995, McCorvey was working at a clinic in Dallas when Operation Rescue moved in next door. She allegedly struck up a friendship over cigarettes with Operation Rescue preacher Philip Flip Benham. McCorvey said that Benham talked to her regularly and was kind to her. She became friends with him, attended church, and was baptized. She surprised the world by appearing on national television to say that she now believed abortion was wrong. McCorvey had been in a lesbian relationship for years, but she eventually denounced lesbianism as well after her conversion to Christianity. Within a few years of her first book, McCorvey wrote a second book, Won by Love: Norma McCorvey, Jane Roe of Roe v. Wade, Speaks Out for the Unborn as She Shares Her New Conviction for Life. Later Years and Death In her later years, McCorvey was nearly homeless, relying on â€Å"free room and board from strangers, says Joshua Prager, who wrote an extensive story about her published in Vanity Fair in February 2013. McCorvey eventually ended up in an assisted-living facility in Katy, Texas, where she died of heart failure on Feb. 17, 2017, at age 69, according to Prager, who was working on a book about her at the time of her death. Legacy Since the Roe v. Wade ruling, about 50 million legal abortions have been performed in the United States, although later court decisions and new state and federal laws have imposed restrictions, and abortions have declined with the wide use of contraceptives, according to McCorveys obituary published in The New York Times. Many of those who oppose abortions have called the Roe v. Wade lawyers immoral, saying that they took advantage of McCorvey. In fact, if she had not been Roe, someone else would likely have been the plaintiff. Feminists across the nation were working for abortion rights at the time. Perhaps something McCorvey herself said in a 1989 New York Times article best sums up her legacy: More and more, Im the issue. I dont know if I should be the issue. Abortion is the issue. I never even had an abortion. Sources Hersher, Rebecca. â€Å"Norma McCorvey Of Roe v. Wade Embodied The Complexity Of American Abortion Debate.†Ã‚  NPR, 18 Feb. 2017.Langer, Emily. â€Å"Norma McCorvey, Jane Roe of Roe v. Wade Decision Legalizing Abortion Nationwide, Dies at 69.†Ã‚  The Washington Post, 18 Feb. 2017.McFadden, Robert. â€Å"Norma McCorvey, Roe in Roe v. Wade, Is Dead at 69.†Ã‚  The New York Times, 18 Feb. 2017Prager, Joshua. â€Å"Tracing the Life of Norma McCorvey, ‘Jane Roe’ of Roe v. Wade, and Why Shed Favor an Abortion Ban.†Ã‚  The Hive, Vanity Fair, 30 Jan. 2015.

Toxins essays

Toxins essays Toxins are present in plants and foods that we eat. Do toxins have a purpose besides simply making us sick, and if so what is their purpose? In this paper, I will focus on how toxins affect our body and how toxins evolved over the years. Research has shown that toxins are a plants defense against herbivores in their effort to survive (Nesse and Williams, 1995). There are countless toxins present because herbivores quickly adapt to toxins and this requires plants to make different toxins in the race to survive (Nesse and Williams, 1995). Adaptation in toxin production does come at a cost to plants. Sumner states that tannins cost up to 30 percent of the dry weight of a sugar maple leaf. Tannins provide protection for the plant, but at a considerable price. According to Wilson, more research is needed to understand the cost of the evolution of toxins in plants. Nesse and Williams state that plants can generally have high toxin levels or rapid growth. Thus fast growing plants are usually safer for herbivores to devour than slow growing plants. Likewise, the more important a part of a plant is for its reproduction, the more likely it is to be toxic. For example, sweet fruit is not toxic, but the seed that is ne eded to produce another tree is often quite toxic (Nesse and Williams, 1995). Also acorns are very toxic as they are necessary for new tree growth. Trees have also evolved to discourage helpful herbivores from devouring their fruit before the seed is ready for harvest. An example of this is a green apple causing an upset stomach, but when the apple is ripe and the seed is ready for planting, it causes no ill effects (Nesse and Williams, 1995). Some plants do not make toxins until they are damaged. A study by Turlings, Loughrin, McCall, Rose, Lewis, and Tumlinson, shows that some plants emit chemical signals that call natural enemies to their plant to devour the herbivores eating th ...

Professional Development Activity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Professional Development Activity - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that this year, for the first time, the hairdressing department would like to attempt the use of flexible delivery of the Certificate II in hairdressing to school students who may have the intention of accomplishing their course within a year instead of the usual administrative two years which has been the norm within the previous years. This previous method meant that the students who might have begun the course within their final year of the school may be disadvantaged since they might only be able to finish half of the units hence may only receive an attainment statement to cover the units which were successfully completed. This then would imply that the students would have to resume post-school in order to finish the remaining units before they could be considered qualified. To deliver the qualifications within one calendar year yet still adhering to Board of Studies and school, requirements demand that the course should be partially be delivered within the school holidays. Because of a learning management system’s flexible nature, students would be able to accomplish part of their study off campus. The structure of the program would include four days face to face instruction and a one-day off-campus instruction with self-directed activities. MOODLE has been selected as a learning management system since it may enable teachers to manage, communicate and track student progress while off-site.... Professional activity The professional development activity that I would like to undertake as a participant is a MOODLE course creator workshop. An individual given the role of a course creator may be able to assume a teacher’s role for the courses under review, create courses and have access to hidden courses. He may also have the ability to assign teachers the role of delivering the created courses. The course creator role may be mainly aimed at instructional designers, educational developers and teachers who engage themselves with online teaching (Moore, Michael & Greg, 237-249). At my place of work, may often be narrowed down to a program coordinator, head teacher or a teacher from each faculty selected on their computer competence. Instruction in a MOODLE course creator role may be freely available online through You-Tube video tutorials, e-learning course in MOODLE 2.2 making use of the topic format and then populating each topic with activities and learning resources th at include learning objects from the retail operations toolbox. MOODLE may be considered a management system for learning which may be designed in order to aid instructors in the creation of the online classroom settings having the chances for rich collaboration and interaction. It may comprise of a number of design aspects, which may allow students and instructors to interact freely, experience and collaborate online learning within multiple ways. It may be said to be significant in supplementing underground courses or even hosting complete online courses (George, 53-77). I would like to effectively come up and provide web-based and instructor-led learning in my course. The development of learning processes and

Teacher collaboration and student achievemant Research Paper

Teacher collaboration and student achievemant - Research Paper Example The respondents were asked to rate their response using Likert Scale as follows: strongly agree (1), agree (2), disagree (3), and strongly disagree (4). The following variables were used to identify the responses of teachers, to the questions posed above: (1) Informal Conversation; (2) One-on-One Assistance; (3) Routine Sharing of Materials, Methods, Ideas; (4) Routine Team Analyzing Data; and (5) Joint work. Analysis of Data and Interpretation Table 1 The Total Number of Respondents (Teachers) Per Grade Level and Department (Subjects) Grade Level Math Science Social studies Language Arts Total Number of Teachers 6 4 2 2 4 12 7 3 2 2 4 11 8 3 2 2 4 11 From the table, it is deduced that there are more teachers in the Grade 6 level with 35% or 12 out of 34 respondents in that grade level. Overall, there are a total of 34 teachers who responded on the survey aiming to investigate the impacts of teacher collaboration vis-a-vis non-collaboration on student academic achievement. Table 2 Re sults indicating Respondents View on the Variables of Informal Conversation, One-on-One Assistance, Routine Sharing, Routine Team and Joint Work Per Subject Math Science Social Studies Lg. ... 6 disagree Joint Work 10 agree 6 agree 3 agree 3 strongly disagree 6 agree 6 disagree The respondents’ view of the five variables indicated in the table would determine their perceived importance to thereby manifest the extent of teacher collaboration, by favoring its relevance or not. Those who strongly agreed perceived these variables as of utmost importance, in contrast to those who disagreed. From the table above, the results are summarized below: Informal Conversation: Out of 34 respondents, 6 or 18% strongly agreed; 65% agreed, while also 18% disagreed. It can be deduced that majority are in favor of informal conversation increasing teacher collaboration. One-on-One Assistance: From the total respondents, majority or 53% disagreed versus 47% who agreed that one-on-one assistance is a variable that increased teacher collaboration. Routine Sharing of Materials, Methods, Ideas: A total of 88%, or 30 teachers agreed that routine sharing of materials, methods and ideas are ef fective means to increase teacher collaboration. Only 4 respondents or 12% disagreed. Routine Team Analyzing Data: From among those who responded, 74% or 25 teachers acknowledged that routine team analyzing data is contributory to teacher collaboration. Joint work: Finally, a parallel percentage of respondents viewed joint effort as crucial to teacher collaboration where 74% agreed (6 of whom strongly agreed) and the rest of the 26% disagreed. On a per subject basis, the following results are hereby presented: Math: The total number of respondents who agreed that all the variables are crucial to manifest teacher collaboration for the subject of Math is 46 out of 48 (where only 2 disagreed). The results indicate the acknowledgement of Math teachers requiring collaborative efforts manifested

Legislative Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Legislative Proposal - Essay Example Contrary to the hardline opinion of the conservatives, we have the liberals who envision America as the land of opportunity, not just for American citizens but all of mankind. According to these liberals, America is a proverbial utopia of opportunity where virtually anyone can make it in life as long as they are willing to work hard for it (Daniels, p.71). Clearly, the topic of immigration is a divisive one. Over the past decade, immigration has morphed from a legislative topic to one of the mainstream issues being discussed on the streets by the local people. Irrespective of political affiliations and social standing, every American citizen seems to fall victim to this rather polarizing issue. It is as a result of this that there is need to formulate and put in place legislative work that is aimed at streamlining the issue of immigration (McLaughlin, p13-25). Not only keeping in mind that the interests of American citizens come first but also that the immigrants may play an instrumental role in building the economy of the united states. This paper focuses on immigration laws in the state of Virginia vis a vis the interest of the Americans living in Virginia but also the immigrants who are protected by international laws set forth by the United Nations. As in accordance with the 287(g) immigration and customs enforcement program famously known as ICE, law enforcement agencies in the state of Virginia liaise with each other. This liaison can be viewed in the form of a network of law enforcement agencies where these agencies share relevant information with each other pertaining the issue of immigration. This program gives the state police jurisdiction that was previously a reserve of the federal immigration agencies. This jurisdiction includes, but is not limited to, checking the immigration status of anyone who is stopped by the state police (Farnam, p23-30). A closer examination of this piece of legislation is

Military nurses Essay Example for Free

Military nurses Essay The nurses gave care to the men who were wounded during the war. They gave the care that was needed for example, medical care to dress up the wounds of the men. For those who became paralyzed, the nurses supported them physically and emotionally. They clothed and fed them. The families of those who made it and their loved ones spoke of the care they received from the nurses and glorified their assistance. They continued to acknowledge their presence and selfless efforts to assist them. (Song, p78) The military nurses conducted talks at high schools. They wanted to educate the students regarding the careers available and what it would take for them to be qualified. They gave their stories and the challenges that they faced during their work. When the students were asked which profession was toughest and most demanding, they said it was nursing. (Chen, p45) Given all the stories that they heard, they concluded that, if they had to be a nurse, then it was tantamount to a vocation which demanded that one leaves behind all other dreams just to serve as a nurse. It was even more challenging for the nurses because they did not have proper health facilities from which to operate. They set up tents and the tent was used to carry out even very delicate surgery operations. The medical facilities were described to be beyond primitive. (Insun, p456) Ironically, it was compared to TV Show and MASH movie. The environment was dirty and non sterile. They did not have adequate instruments. In addition, the hands at work were not enough. The emergency cases were so many yet the nurses were few and could therefore not deal with the workload by themselves. To make the matter worse, there were some equipment which had to be shared during surgical procedures which were absolutely required to save people’s lives, yet they had not been sterilized. For example, the nurses did not have suction. Also missing was penicillin for irrigating the wounds. There was no blood for transfusion yet the majority of cases which were received were of people who had lost too much blood and needed more. The casualties out in the field were just so many. Despite the terrible state of the tents functioning as hospitals, all the casualties were taken there. (Woodside, p67-p89) These nurses were the only hope and the lives of people and soldiers were only entrusted with them. It was hoped that, once they treated them, they would eventually be sent back to fight. These women nurses were not allowed to cry. (Insun p56) They were supposed to encourage and give hope to the dying. It was very wrong to cry in front of the wounded men and the dying ones. These men needed the strength of these women in that poor state of their health. The women were not supposed to gain luxury out of their own feelings. At the same time, the nurses were not supposed to lie to the soldiers regarding their health. If they were dying they were supposed to tell then straight in their faces. (Taylor, p34) This was such a torment to them. The nurses at times were not able to get along with their nursing director and therefore sought transfer. Unfortunately, they were transferred to the war-torn areas and much worse than the areas they were previously serving. In addition women were supposed to fly runs for evacuation and many of the nurses had not had a chance to be in a helicopter, but they could not give up this responsibility since there was no one else to do it. The women serving in the medical personnel were the most inexperienced too serve during the time of war. Besides that, they feared for their lives especially because the soldiers depended on them for medical care. (Yu, Insun, 278) The nurses also went to Vietnamese villages and set up medial centers and clinical which they used to treat those children who had eye infections, skin diseases and intestinal diseases. Most of the diseases came form the bacteria which was always present. (Woodside, p36) Conclusion The stories of Vietnamese women are one that can drive a reader to point of tears. The sufferings and torture that these women went through is a living proof of their sacrifices. These women put their lives on line to restore peace and harmony as well as save lives. Despite the various roles and professions that were engaged in they never gave up their roles in the family as mothers, caretakers, wives and advisers. Their contributions particularly during the time of war deserve praise and honor. They should be rewarded for their efforts. They did what many women are not believed they can do. (Chen, 236) The women did not show cowardice but actually displayed courage and perseverance. Vietnamese women are a symbol of strength that is possessed by the women and discourages women to take a back seat in all matters. From the experiences, it is obvious that without the support that they gave to the soldiers, they would not have accomplished much in their country. It is high time that Vietnamese women held their leads high and walked with pride and dignity they have. Works Cited Chen, King C. Vietnam and China, 1938-1954. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969. Song, Jungnam. History of Vietnam. Bu-san: Bu-san University Press, 1966. Taylor, Keith W. The Birth of Vietnam. Redwood City: Berkeley, University of California Press, 1983. Taylor, Keith W. and Whitmore, John K. eds. Essays into Vietnamese Pasts. Ithaca: Southeast Asia Program Publications, Cornell University, 1995. Woodside, Alexander B. Vietnam and Chinese Model. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1971.

the big accident :: essays research papers

One nice day in the summer my friends, Yvette, Katie, and Kristi, and I were heading up to the Lil Jon & The Eastside Boys concert. Everything was going fine. We made it up there with no problem, found the Excel Center. When we were parked we decided that we wanted to park closer, so I backed out and all of a sudden we heard a bang and my car wouldn’t start. We started freaking out, because we stuck up against this car I hit. We then asked some guys to help push it into a parking spot, when it was in neutral. Fifteen minutes later the guy came and saw his car and I went over and admitted to him what happened. So he called the cops and they came over and figured everything out. That night my parents found out what had happened and had to pay for it. After that accident happened I wasn’t able to buy a sound system for my car, I had to work more, and I couldn’t see my friends as much. These are big changes in my life that I didn’t think would happen at that time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I was not able to buy a sound system for my car, because I had to pay my parents back. I had over a thousand dollars in my account saved for a system and with it I was planning on buying an amp, subwoofers, and maybe speakers and a deck. Even though my car came with a subwoofer, Infinity speakers, and a cad player, I still wanted something bigger and better. I was sad that I had to give my money to my parents to help pay for the damage, because I didn’t expect to save up that much money to pay for an accident. I am now going to have to wait to save that money up again and buy them later.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now that I had to pay back my parents and still pay for my car I had to start working more. I already had an extremely busy schedule with dance, Youth in Government, and I was just going to start gymnastics. Having dance three days a week, meetings for Youth in Government every once in a while, and gymnastics made four days I couldn’t work in a week. Then having to put enough work in my rigorous schedule to pay back my parents would leave just enough time to do my homework.

The Importance Of Literature Vs. Science :: essays research papers

The Importance of Literature vs. Science   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If we lived in a world without literature, learning only the sciences, would we be the same people? Does the human race need literature at all, does it have any worth whatsoever except as entertainment? Do people actually learn from literature? These are all questions that divide the human race into two separate sections, those who believe in the power of literature, and those who see it as impoverished compared to the social sciences in its ability to teach us about ourselves. However we need not be so divided on this issue. Literature is as rich a teacher as science, but merely differs in technique. Literature offers knowledge to those that seek it, gives experience to those who understand it, and pleasure to those that love it. Science on the other hand imparts knowledge, leads to experience, and gives pleasure to the few who love it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Literature is just as varied and expansive as Science is. There are hundreds of styles, millions of authors, and thousands of languages which make up literature. Instead of different fields, as in science, there are different genres. Literature is often backed up by research or first hand information, but can also be fanciful flights of the imagination. They are similar to the research, observation, and hypothesis found in science. Experiments can be performed in both. A scientist could ask what if, and logically and scientifically follow his what if through. A writer could ask the same and use his imagination, knowledge, and perhaps a little research, to guide his imagination. Literature and Science are similar.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  However they differ in some important respects. Science is an exact realm of numbers and averages and measurements. The last time you read a romance novel, were there charts showing the Freudian prediction of the average persons love life? Literature does not have the same kind of exactitude that is offered by Science. But it does offer precision in another way. Literature often is the description of one or a few peoples lives in detail. It is from these detailed â€Å"case studies† as a scientist would call them, that we can learn. It is the argument of science that people are similar and thus scientific averages do have some relevance to humans. Yes people often do share similar characteristics, and behave similarly if coming from the same society. And thus, a detailed insight into one persons' life could give you an insight on the lives of others. In a way Literature allows you to live thousands of lives in a short time, and gain a little experience from each of them.

E-Business Paddy Power

Paddy Power, Web Division, Online Gambling Service. Version 1. 0 7th April 2010 Prepared by: Christopher Cadwell (x08795240) eCommerce Operation Evaluation Operation or service overview Paddy Power is the largest provider of fixed-odds sports betting in Ireland. Paddy Power's retail division operates a chain of licensed betting offices located throughout Ireland and in the UK. There online division operates one of Ireland's largest online businesses which consists of the online sportsbook, mobile sportsbook,  casino, games, poker, bingo, and financial spread betting (its latest addition). Paddy Power was founded in 1988 by the merger of three existing Irish high street bookmakers who have an unconventional approach to betting and gaming believing them to be firmly rooted in the leisure and entertainment space. As such its mission is to make ‘risk-based entertainment' more accessible and fun. It offers customers an unparalleled betting experience that is great value, great fun and has the best service. Through this strategy the company has developed a strong reputation as â€Å"The Punter Friendly Bookmaker† and has become renowned for its unique â€Å"Money Back Specials. Thanks to this customer-centric approach, it is now generally accepted that a bet with Paddy Power has three possible outcomes – Win, Lose or Money Back. Marketplace Target market Paddy Power’s target market is everyone over the legal age to gamble. They attract customers of all ages ranging from late teens to pensioners as it is part of human nature to take risks and have a gamble. Paddy Power attracts so many people with its wide variety of different areas on its website including a sportsbook, casino, games and bingo so there is something there for everybody. Major clients I don’t think Paddy Power have major clients as they target everyone from the average everyday punter to the high society people and if they did have major clients im sure their identity’s remain private. Geographic or vertical clustering Paddy Power has 212 shops in Ireland (including 3 shops at race courses) and 86 shops in the UK which are dispersed throughout either country. Recent News and Press Releases Bookmaker Paddy Power has announced it will create up to 250 new jobs at its headquarters in Tallaght in Dublin over the next three years. Paddy Power, which already employs 640 people in Dublin, is recruiting as part of its strategy of international expansion into the online sports betting market. The company is to recruit 50 people with skills in technology and risk management by the summer, with the remainder generated over three subsequent years. Tiger Woods  has snubbed a $75m (â‚ ¬55m) sponsorship offer from bookmaker  Paddy Power. The golfing legend bade farewell to several of his big-name sponsors but the disgraced world number one still won't be tempted by the offer, which could be worth an astonishing $75m over five years. With a down payment of $5m (â‚ ¬3. m) for the use of Tiger's likeness annually, the proposal provides performance incentives including $1m (â‚ ¬736,000) for each Major he wins in the  US  and $2m (â‚ ¬1. 5m) for victory at the  British Open. â€Å"We're in negotiations with IMG to sponsor Tiger,† Paddy Power told US magazine website ‘Golfweek'. â€Å"It's still in the early stage of the negotiations, really, to be honest with you. But if it all comes off, it'll be the biggest sponsorship deal we've done by quite some way. † However,  Mark Steinberg, Woods' agent at IMG, indicated that Paddy Power’s proposal is not being given serious consideration. We're not involved in any discussions to add to his sponsorship portfolio at this time,† he said. Paddy Power lost â‚ ¬1. 5m last August when it paid out on Tiger as he led after 54 holes of the  US PGA Championship  at Hazeltine only to be eclipsed by  Korean YE Yang. Now Paddy Power is potentially taking a much bigger gamble on Woods, who has been out of golf since his November 27 car crash precipitated revelations of marital infidelity and a stunningly swift fall in public-opinion surveys. His marketability is under pressure after  Accenture, AT&T and  Gatorade all  pulled their support. At this stage, when other sponsors seem to be ditching him, ther e's an opportunity there to step in,† the bookmaker said of the proposal. â€Å"He's still somebody we would very much like to align ourselves to. † Competitive positioning International and national competitors Paddy Powers international and national competitors would consist of Ladbrokes, Victor Chandler, William Hill, Stan James, Coral, Boylesports, Bet365, SkyBet and Betfair. All these fellow bookmakers have online gambling sites so would be Paddy Powers biggest rivals. Regional competitors Paddy Powers regional competitors would be Celtic Bookmakers, Terry Rodgers Bookmakers and Hackett’s Bookmakers these competitors have rival shops around the country but don’t have the capacity to compete online. Local competitors Paddy Power’s local competitors would be one off independent betting shops set up in local towns the only example I can give is Vernon Racing which is my local bookmakers in Clontarf, as it is not a franchise it is a independently run bookmakers and they only have one establishment. Business value Market demand Paddy Power’s market demand is strong even through the recession I would say it is the market leader as their â€Å"money back specials† apply added insurance to bets made, so therefore more people would place their bets with them instead of a competitor. They would also be the most well known of the brands which lure’s more people to their shops. Expected revenue stream Paddy Power are constantly going head to head with their competitors by saying they will match a better price if you can find it and with their money back specials as well. They are also opening more new stores each year to increase their market share. Market growth potential Online activities are by some distance the largest and fastest growing part of Paddy Power. Their online operating profit increased by â‚ ¬2. 9m to â‚ ¬45. 7m last year, despite a significantly worse run of sporting results and a net negative impact from foreign currency fluctuations of approximately â‚ ¬2. 1m. Their operating profit as a percentage of gross win at 42% remained amongst the highest in the industry, benefiting from the strength of their brand, synergies with Retail, scale and operational expertise. This profitability enables Paddy Power to continue to invest in product, value and brand to drive future success in what is a highly competitive industry. Risk evaluation Evaluation Tools used and why. I would use the SWOT analysis tool in my evaluation of Paddy Power. I think it is the right tool to use because it would help them evaluate what their strengths, weaknesses, possible opportunities and possible threats are in their running of their organisation. Evaluation Tools not used and why I would not use a PEST analysis tool in my evaluation as don’t feel it benefit Paddy Power as much as a SWOT analysis would. It wouldn’t allow them to recognise the area of possible expansion opportunities. Evaluation SWOT analysis: Strengths: * Entrepreneurial and focused management * Focus on small stakes fixed odds betting and entertainment betting designed to add value to a sporting or other event * Strong financial position (no gearing and cash generative) * brand is established and widely recognized Weaknesses: * Threat of new entrants Limited experience of UK betting market * Exposed to rental increases on leased properties * Margins intra-year vulnerable to performance of favourites * Dominant market position in Ireland (33% off-course betting in Ireland) Opportunities: * Scope for further shop openings in Ireland and to roll-out business model in the UK * Extend leadership of on-line and telephone betting business in Ireland into the UK * Enhance organic growth profile with opportunistic bolt on acquisitions in a fragmented UK industry * Expand product range, particularly in the online business Threats: * Risk of more aggressive price based competition in Ireland and the UK * Potential decline in consumer spending due to a severe economic downturn in Ireland and the UK * Susceptible to adverse changes in tax and regulation * Online business vulnerable to threat of software virus attacks * New technology increases disintermediation and pricing transparency, resulting in lower margins Evaluation summary Expected return Paddy Power expects their customers to be happy with the way their website is laid out and the deals and services it provides, as they feel their service is the best in their market. Strategic value Paddy Power has a strategic advantage on their competitor’s websites as they offer better deals then most of their competitors. Ability to deliver success Paddy Power is the largest provider of fixed-odds sports betting in Ireland and they hope this will continue for years to come and for their business to continue to expand.